From fedora-docs-commits at redhat.com Wed Jun 10 15:32:17 2015 Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="===============3738466325413782107==" MIME-Version: 1.0 From: fedora-docs-commits at redhat.com To: docs-commits at lists.fedoraproject.org Subject: install-guide/FC-5/en_US entities.xml, NONE, 1.1 fedora-install-guide-abouttoinstall.xml, NONE, 1.1 fedora-install-guide-acknowledgements.xml, NONE, 1.1 fedora-install-guide-adminoptions.xml, NONE, 1.1 fedora-install-guide-beginninginstallation.xml, NONE, 1.1 fedora-install-guide-bootloader.xml, NONE, 1.1 fedora-install-guide-diskpartitioning.xml, NONE, 1.1 fedora-install-guide-firstboot.xml, NONE, 1.1 fedora-install-guide-installingpackages.xml, NONE, 1.1 fedora-install-guide-intro.xml, NONE, 1.1 fedora-in Date: Sat, 19 Aug 2006 16:41:05 -0700 Message-ID: <200608192341.k7JNf5jA020103@cvs-int.fedora.redhat.com> --===============3738466325413782107== Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8" MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Author: pfrields Update of /cvs/docs/install-guide/FC-5/en_US In directory cvs-int.fedora.redhat.com:/tmp/cvs-serv19939/FC-5/en_US Added Files: entities.xml fedora-install-guide-abouttoinstall.xml = fedora-install-guide-acknowledgements.xml = fedora-install-guide-adminoptions.xml = fedora-install-guide-beginninginstallation.xml = fedora-install-guide-bootloader.xml = fedora-install-guide-diskpartitioning.xml = fedora-install-guide-firstboot.xml = fedora-install-guide-installingpackages.xml = fedora-install-guide-intro.xml fedora-install-guide-locale.xml = fedora-install-guide-networkconfig.xml = fedora-install-guide-nextsteps.xml = fedora-install-guide-other-instmethods.xml = fedora-install-guide-packageselection.xml = fedora-install-guide-rootpassword.xml = fedora-install-guide-techref.xml = fedora-install-guide-timezone.xml = fedora-install-guide-upgrading.xml fedora-install-guide.xml = rpm-info.xml = Log Message: Make intuitive branches like release-notes. Ease of use and follows Core an= d Extras conventions. --- NEW FILE entities.xml --- These entities are local to the Fedora Installation Guide. Document base name fedora-install-guide Document language en_US Document version 1.32 Document date 2006-30-04 Document ID string -- () Local version of Fedora Core 6 test2 --- NEW FILE fedora-install-guide-abouttoinstall.xml --- %FEDORA-ENTITIES; %DOC-ENTITIES; ]> About to Install No changes are made to your computer until you click the Next button. If you abort the installation process after that point, the &FC; system will be incomplete and unusable. To return to previous screens to make different choices, select Back. To abort the installation, turn off the computer. Aborting Installation In certain situations, you may be unable to return to previous screens. &FC; notifies you of this restriction and allows you to abort the installation program. You may reboot with the installation media to start over.
About to Install Screen About to install screen.
Click Next to begin the installation. --- NEW FILE fedora-install-guide-acknowledgements.xml --- %FEDORA-ENTITIES; %DOC-ENTITIES; ]> Acknowledgements Many useful comments and suggestions were provided by Rahul Sundaram and the Anaconda team. David Neimi and Debra Deutsch contributed additional information on boot loader and RAID configurations. The sect= ions on LVM benefited from the contributions of Bob McKay. --- NEW FILE fedora-install-guide-adminoptions.xml --- %FEDORA-ENTITIES; %DOC-ENTITIES; ]> Boot Options The &FED; installation system includes a range of functions and options for administrators. To use boot options, enter linux option at the boot: prompt. If you specify more than one option, separate each of the options by a single space. For example: linux option1 option2 option3 Rescue Mode The &FED; installation and rescue discs may either boot with rescue mode, or load the installation system. For more information on rescue discs and rescue mode, refer to .
Configuring the Installation System at the <prompt>boot:</prompt> Prompt You can use the boot: prompt to specify a number of settings for the installation system, including: language display resolution interface type Installation method network settings
Specifying the Language To set the language for both the installation process and the final system, specify the ISO code for that language with the option. Use the option to configure the correct keyboard layout. For example, the ISO codes el_GR and gr identify the Greek language and the Greek keyboard layout: linux lang=3Del_GR keymap=3Dgr
Configuring the Interface You may force the installation system to use the lowest possible screen resolution (640x480) with the option. To use a specific display resolution, enter as a boot option. For example, to set the display resolution to 1024x768, enter: linux resolution=3D1024x768 To run the installation process in text interface mode, enter: linux text To enable support for a serial console serial console, enter as an additional option. Configuring the Installed System The installed system runs the Setup Agent the first time that it boots. Use the Setup Agent to configure the display settings for the new system. Refer to for more information on configuring the display with the Setup Agent.
Specifying the Installation Method Use the option to display additional menus that enable you to specify the installation method and network settings. You may also configure the installation method and network settings at the boot: prompt itself. To specify the installation method from the boot: prompt, use the option. Refer to for the supported installation methods. Installation Methods Installation Method Option Format CD or DVD drive Hard Drive HTTP Server FTP Server NFS Server
Manually Configuring the Network Settings By default, the installation system uses DHCP to automatically obtain the correct network settings. To manually configure the network settings yourself, either enter them in the Configure TCP/IP screen, or at the boot: prompt. You may specify the address, , , and server settings for the installation system at the prompt. If you specify the network configuration at the boot: prompt, these settings are used for the installation process, and the Configure TCP/IP screen does not appear. This example configures the network settings for an installation system that uses the IP address 192.168.1.10: linux ip=3D192.168.1.10 netmask=3D255.255.255.0 gateway=3D192.168.1.1 dns=3D192.168.1.2,192.168.1.3 Configuring the Installed System Use the Network Configuration screen to specify the network settings for the new system. Refer to for more information on configuring the network settings for the installed system.
Enabling Remote Access to the Installation System You may access either graphical or text interfaces for the installation system from any other system. Access to a text mode display requires telnet, which is installed by default on &FED; systems. To remotely access the graphical display of an installation system, use client software that supports the VNC (Virtual Network Computing) VNC (Virtual Network Computing) display protocol. A number of providers offer VNC clients for Microsoft Windows and Mac OS, as well as UNIX-based systems. Installing a VNC Client on &FED; VNC (Virtual Network Computing) installing client &FED; includes vncviewer, the client provided by the developers of VNC. To obtain vncviewer, install the vnc package. The installation system supports two methods of establishing a VNC connection. You may start the installation, and manually login to the graphical display with a VNC client on another system. Alternatively, you may configure the installation system to automatically connect to a VNC client on the network that is running in listening mode.
Enabling Remote Access with VNC VNC (Virtual Network Computing) enabling To enable remote graphical access to the installation system, enter two options at the prompt: linux vnc vncpassword=3Dqwerty The option enables the VNC service. The option sets a password for remote access. The example shown above sets the password as qwerty. VNC Passwords The VNC password must be at least six characters long. Specify the language, keyboard layout and network settings for the installation system with the screens that follow. You may then access the graphical interface through a VNC client. The installation system displays the correct connection setting for the VNC client: for a shell]]> You may then login to the installation system with a VNC client. To run the vncviewer client on &FED;, choose Applications AccessoriesVNC Viewer, or type the command vncviewer in a terminal window. Enter the server and display number in the VNC Server dialog. For the example above, the VNC Server is computer.mydomain.com:1.
Connecting the Installation System to a VNC Listener To have the installation system automatically connect to a VNC client, first start the client in VNC (Virtual Network Computing) listening mode listening mode. On &FED; systems, use the option to run vncviewer as a listener. In a terminal window, enter the command: vncviewer -listen Firewall Reconfiguration Required By default, vncviewer uses TCP port 5500 when in listening mode. To permit connections to this port from other systems, choose System Administration Security Level and Firewall . Select Other ports, and Add. Enter 5500 in the Port(s) field, and specify tcp as the Protocol. Once the listening client is active, start the installation system and set the VNC options at the boot: prompt. In addition to and options, use the option to specify the name or IP address of the system that has the listening client. To specify the TCP port for the listener, add a colon and the port number to the name of the system. For example, to connect to a VNC client on the system desktop.mydomain.com on the port 5500, enter the following at the boot: prompt: linux vnc vncpassword=3Dqwerty vnccon= nect=3Ddesktop.mydomain.com:5500
Enabling Remote Access with Telnet To enable remote access to a text mode installation, use the Telnet option at the boot: prompt: The installation system can load drivers from disks, pen drives, or network servers to configure support for new devices. After the installation is complete, remove any driver disks and store them for later use. Hardware manufacturers may supply driver disks driver disks for &FED; with the device, or provide image files to prepare the disks. To obtain the latest drivers, download the correct file from the website of the manufacturer. Driver Disks Supplied as Zipped Files Driver disk images may be distributed as compressed archives, or zip files. For identification, the names of zip files include the extensions .zip, or .tar.gz. To extract the contents of a zipped file with a &FED; system, choose Applications AccessoriesArchive Manager. To format a disk or pen drive with an image file, use the dd utility. For example, to prepare a diskette with the image file drivers.img, enter this command in a terminal window: dd if=3Ddrivers.img of=3D/dev/fd0 To use a driver disk in the installation process, specify the option at the boot: prompt: linux dd When prompted, select Yes to provide a driver disk. Choose the drive that holds the driver disk from the list on the Driver Disk Source text screen. The installation system can also read drivers from disk images that are held on network servers. Refer to for the supported sources of driver disk image files. Driver Disk Image Sources Image Source Option Format Select a drive or device HTTP Server FTP Server NFS Server
Overriding Automatic Hardware Detection For some models of device automatic hardware configuration may fail, or cause instability. In these cases, you may need to disable automatic configuration for that type of device, and take additional steps to manually configure the device after the installation process is complete. Check the Release Notes Refer to the Release Notes for information on known issues with specific devices. To override the automatic hardware detection, use one or more of the following options: Hardware Options Compatibility Setting Option Disable all hardware detection Disable graphics, keyboard, and mouse detection Disable automatic monitor detection (DDC) Disable mainboard APIC Disable power management (ACPI) Disable Direct Memory Access (DMA) for IDE drives Disable BIOS-assisted RAID Disable Firewire device detection Disable parallel port detection Disable PC Card (PCMCIA) device detection Disable USB storage device detection Disable all USB device detection Force Firewire device detection Prompt user for ISA device configuration
Additional Screen The option causes the system to display an additional text screen at the beginning of the installation process. Use this screen to configure the ISA devices on your computer.
Using the Maintenance Boot Modes
Loading the Memory (RAM) Testing Mode Faults in memory modules may cause your system to freeze or crash unpredictably. In some cases, memory faults may only cause errors with particular combinations of software. For this reason, you should test the memory of a computer before you install &FED; for the first time, even if it has previously run other operating systems. To boot your computer in memory testing mode memory testing mode, enter memtest86 at the boot: prompt. The first test starts immediately. By default, memtest86 carries out a total of ten tests. To halt the tests and reboot your computer, enter Esc at any time.
Booting Your Computer with the Rescue Mode rescue mode You may boot a command-line Linux system from either a rescue discs rescue disc or the first installation disc, without installing &FED; on the computer. This enables you to use the utilities and functions of a running Linux system to modify or repair systems that are already installed on your computer. The rescue disc starts the rescue mode system by default. To load the rescue system with the first installation disc, enter: linux rescue Specify the language, keyboard layout and network settings for the rescue system with the screens that follow. The final setup screen configures access to the existing system on your computer. By default, rescue mode attaches an existing operating system to the rescue system under the directory /mnt/sysimage/.
--- NEW FILE fedora-install-guide-beginninginstallation.xml --- %FEDORA-ENTITIES; %DOC-ENTITIES; ]> Beginning the Installation To begin installation of &FC;, boot the computer from the bootable media. The bootable media provides the necessary programs and files to start the installation program. Once you start the installation program, you may be able to install from a completely different piece of media. If you boot from the first installation disc of the &FC; distribution, you may choose a different source for installation. The default source is the CDs themselves. To change this behavior, enter linux askmethod at the boot: prompt. If you boot from other media, the installation program always asks you to choose the installation source. = The BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) on your computer must support the type of boot media you select. The BIOS controls access to some hardware devices during boot time. Any computer that meets the minimum recommended specification for &FC; can boot from a CD or DVD drive with the first disc. USB drives and flash media are newer technologies, but many computers can use them as boot media. Some network cards and chipsets include support for network booting with PXE (Pre-boot eXecution Environment) PXE. PXE (pronounced "pixie") allows a computer to load boot files from a network server instead of directly-connected hardware. If you are not sure what capabilities your computer has, or how to configure the BIOS, consult the documentation provided by the manufacturer. Detailed information on hardware specifications and configuration is beyond the scope of this document. Aborting the Installation To abort the installation process at any time before the Installing Packages screen, either press CtrlAltDel = or power off the computer with the power switch. &FED; makes no changes to your computer until package installation begins.
Booting from CD, DVD, or USB Media To boot your computer: Switch on the computer. Insert the first disc into the CD or DVD drive, or attach the USB media. A boot screen appears, with a boot: prompt at the bottom. BIOS Boot Order The BIOS contains settings that control the order of boot devices. If your PC boots from a device other than the &FC; boot media, check the BIOS boot configuration.
Boot Screen &FC; boot screen.
If you hit Enter, the installation runs in default mode. In the default mode, the installation uses a graphical interface if possible. If the installation program runs from the &FC; installation CD or DVD media, in default mode it uses these media as the installation source. To change the installation mode, at the boot: prompt, type linux followed by one or more of the following options: To install from a hard drive or network server, add the directive askmethod. To use a text interface, add the directive text. To retry installation because the installation aborted at an early stage, add the directive acpi=3Doff. ACPI is responsible for many kinds of installation errors. If you turn ACPI off, you may be able to overcome some of these errors. Refer to the Release Notes for additional options that may help if you encounter problems with the installation program. A current copy of the Release Notes is always available at &FDPDOCS-URL;. When you issue a command at the boot: prompt, the first stage of the installation program starts.
Testing CD and DVD Media
Media Test Screen Media test screen.
Select OK to test the disc, or select Skip to proceed with the installation without testing the disc. Testing Discs Test any discs which you have not previously tested. A disc error during the installation process may force you to restart the entire procedure. After you test the first disc, another screen appears and shows the result:
Media Check Result Media check result.
Select OK. The following screen appears:
Next Disc Screen Next disc or continue.
Select Test to test the next disc in the set, or Continue to proceed with the installation. After you test your discs and select Continue, or if you choose to skip testing, the main graphical installation program loads. BIOS Boot Order The BIOS contains settings that control the order of boot devices. If your PC boots from a device other than the &FC; boot media, check the BIOS boot configuration.
Booting from the Network using PXE To boot with PXE (Pre-boot eXecution Environment) PXE, you need a properly configured server, and a network interface in your computer that supports PXE. Configure the computer to boot from the network interface. This option is in the BIOS, and may be labeled or . Once you properly configure PXE booting, the computer can boot the &FED; installation system without any other media. To boot a computer from a PXE server: Ensure that the network cable is attached. The link indicator light on the network socket should be lit, even if the computer is not switched on. Switch on the computer. A menu screen appears. Press the number key that corresponds to the desired option.
Welcome to Red Hat Network Installer Red Hat Network Installer screen.
Choose a network installation option to continue. PXE Troubleshooting If your PC does not boot from the netboot server, ensure that the BIOS is configured to boot first from the correct network interface. Some BIOS systems specify the network interface as a possible boot device, but do not support the PXE standard. Refer to your hardware documentation for more information.
--- NEW FILE fedora-install-guide-bootloader.xml --- %FEDORA-ENTITIES; %DOC-ENTITIES; ]> Boot Loader A boot loader is a small program that reads and launches the operating system. &FC; uses the GRUB configuring boot loader GRUB boot loader by default. If you have multiple operating systems, the boot loader determines which one to boot, usually by offering a menu. You may have a boot loader installed on your system already. An operating system may install its own preferred boot loader, or you may have installed a third-party boot loader.If your boot loader does not recognize Linux partitions, you may not be able to boot &FC;. Use GRUB as your boot loader to boot Linux and most other operating systems. Follow the directions in this chapter to install GRUB. Installing GRUB If you install GRUB, it may overwrite your existing boot loader. The following screen displays boot loader configuration options.
Boot Loader Configuration Screen Boot loader configuration screen
Keeping Your Existing Boot Loader Settings By default, the installation program installs GRUB in the master boot record, master boot record or MBR, of the device for the root file system. To change or decline installation of a new boot loader, select the Change boot loader button. The dialog shown in allows you to avoid installing or changing your existing boot loader settings.
Change Boot Loader Change boot loader dialog
Boot Loader Required Your computer must have GRUB or another boot loader installed in order to start, unless you create a separate startup disk to boot from. You may need to customize the GRUB installation to correctly support some hardware or system configurations. To specify compatibility settings, select Configure advanced boot loader options. This causes a second screen of options to appear when you choose Next. explains the features of the additional screen.
Booting Additional Operating Systems If you have other operating systems already installed, &FC; attempts to automatically detect and configure GRUB to boot them. You may manually configure any additional operating systems if GRUB does not detect them. To add, remove, or change the detected operating system settings, use the options provided. Add Press the Add button to include an additional operating system in GRUB. &FC; displays the dialog shown in . Select the disk partition which contains the bootable operating system from the drop-down list and give the entry a label. GRUB displays this label in its boot menu. Edit To change an entry in the GRUB boot menu, select the entry and then select Edit. Delete To remove an entry from the GRUB boot menu, select the entry and then select Delete.
Adding Operating Systems to the Boot Menu Adding entries to the GRUB boot menu.
Setting a Boot Loader Password GRUB reads many file systems without the help of an operating system. An operator can interrupt the booting sequence to choose a different operating system to boot, change boot options, or recover from a system error. However, these functions may introduce serious security risks in some environments. You can add a password to GRUB so that the operator must enter the password to interrupt the normal boot sequence. GRUB Passwords Not Required You may not require a GRUB password if your system only has trusted operators, or is physically secured with controlled console access. However, if an untrusted person can get physical access to your computer's keyboard and monitor, that person can reboot the system and access GRUB. A password is helpful in this case. To set a boot password, select the Use a boot loader password check box. The Change password button will become active. Select Change password to display the dialog below. Type the desired password, and then confirm it by typing it again in the spaces provided.
Entering A Boot Password Entering and confirming a boot password
Choose a Good Password Choose a password that is easy for you to remember but hard for others to guess. Forgotten <application>GRUB</application> Passwords GRUB stores the password in encrypted form, so it cannot be read or recovered. If you forget the boot password, boot the system normally and then change the password entry in the /boot/grub/grub.conf file. If you cannot boot, you may be able to use the "rescue" mode on the first &FC; installation disc to reset the GRUB password. If you do need to change the GRUB password, use the grub-md5-crypt utility. For information on using this utility, use the command man grub-md5-crypt in a terminal window to read the manual pages.
Advanced Boot loader Options The default boot options are adequate for most situations. The installation program writes the GRUB boot loader in the master boot record master boot record (MBR), overwriting any existing boot loader. You may keep your current boot loader in the MBR and install GRUB as a secondary boot loader. If you choose this option, the installer program will write GRUB to the first sector of the Linux /boot partition. GRUB as a Secondary Boot Loader If you install GRUB as a secondary boot loader, you must reconfigure your primary boot loader whenever you install and boot from a new kernel. The kernel of an operating system such as Microsoft Windows does not boot in the same fashion. Most users therefore use GRUB as the primary boot loader on dual-boot systems. You may also need the advanced options if your BIOS enumerates your drives or RAID arrays differently than &FC; expects. If necessary, use the Change Drive Order dialog to set the order of the devices in &FC; to match your BIOS. On a few systems, &FC; may not configure the disk drive geometry for large disks correctly because of limitations within the BIOS. To work around this problem, mark the Force LBA32 check box. The Linux kernel usually auto-detects its environment correctly, and no additional kernel parameters are needed. However, you may provide any needed kernel parameter using the advanced boot loader options. Kernel Parameters For a partial list of the kernel command line parameters, type the following command in a terminal window: man bootparam. For a comprehensive and authoritative list, refer to the documentation provided in the kernel sources. To alter any of these settings, mark the Configure advanced boot loader options check box. Select Next and the menu shown in appears. Optional Menu &FC; displays the following advanced boot options menu only if the advanced configuration check box described above has been selected.
Advanced Boot Options Advanced boot settings menu
--- NEW FILE fedora-install-guide-diskpartitioning.xml --- %FEDORA-ENTITIES; %DOC-ENTITIES; ]> Disk Partitioning &FC; creates and uses several partitions on the available hard drives. You may customize both the partitions, and how the drives on your system are managed. explains drive partitions in more detail. Configuring RAID Devices RAID hardware RAID facilities enable a group, or array, of drives to act as a single device. Configure any RAID functions provided by the mainboard of your computer, or attached controller cards, before you begin the installation process. Each active RAID array appears as one drive within &FED;. On systems with more than one hard drive you may configure &FC; to operate several of the drives as a Linux RAID array without requiring any additional hardware. Linux software RAID arrays are explained in . Changing Your Mind The installation process makes no changes to your system until package installation begins. You may use Back to return to previous screens and change your selections at any time.
Partitioning Options Screen partitioning options screen
The box on the screen lists the available drives. By default, the installation process may affect all of the drives on your computer. To ensure that specific drives are not repartitioned, clear the check box next to those drives on this list. The installation process erases any existing Linux partitions on the selected drives, and replaces them with the default set of partitions for &FC;. All other types of partitions remain unchanged. For example, partitions used by Microsoft Windows, and system recovery partitions created by the computer manufacturer, are both left intact. You may choose an alternative from the drop-down list: Remove all partitions on selected drives and create d= efault layout Avoid this option, unless you wish to erase all of the existing operating systems and data on the selected drives. Use free space on selected drives and create default = layout If the selected drives have capacity that has not been assigned to a partition, this option installs &FC; into the free space. This ensures that no existing partition is modified by the installation process. Create custom layout You manually specify the partitioning on the selected drives. The next screen enables you to configure the drives and partitions for your computer. If you choose this option, &FC; creates no partitions by default. Select Review and modify partitioning layout to customize the set of partitions that &FC; creates, to configure your system to use drives in RAID arrays, or to modify the boot options for your computer. If you choose one of the alternative partitioning options, this is automatically selected. Choose a partitioning option, and select Next to proceed. The Next Screen The next screen is Network Devices, explained , unless you select an option to customize the partition layout. If you choose to either Create custom layout, or Review and modify partitioning layout, proceed to .
General Information on Partitions A &FC; system has at least three partitions: A data partition mounted at /boot A data partition mounted at / A swap partition Many systems have more partitions than the minimum listed above. Choose partitions based on your particular system needs. For example, consider creating a separate /home partition on systems that store user data, for the reasons explained in . If you are not sure how best to configure the partitions for your computer, accept the default partition layout. The RAM installed in your computer provides a pool of memory for running systems. Linux systems use swap partitions swap partitions to expand this pool, by automatically moving portions of memory between RAM and swap partitions if insufficient RAM is available. In addition, certain power management features store all of the memory for a suspended system in the available swap partitions. If you manually specify the partitions on your system, create one swap partition that has more capacity than the computer RAM. Data partitions provide storage for files. Each data partition has a mount point mount point, to indicate the system directory whose contents reside on that partition. A partition with no mount point is not accessible by users. Data not located on any other partition resides in the / (or partition root root) partition. Root and <filename>/root</filename> The / (or partition root root) partition is the top of the directory structure. The partition /root /root (sometimes pronounced "slash-root") directory is the home directory of the user account for system administration. In the minimum configuration shown above: All data under the /boot/ directory resides on the /boot partition. For example, the file /boot/grub/grub.conf resides on the /boot partition. Any file outside of the /boot partition, such as /etc/passwd, resides on the / partition. Subdirectories may be assigned to partitions as well. Some administrators create both /usr and /usr/local partitions. In that case, files under /usr/local, such as /usr/local/bin/foo, are on the /usr/local partition. Any other files in /usr/, such as /usr/bin/foo, are in the /usr partition. If you create many partitions instead of one large / partition, upgrades become easier. Refer to the description of Disk Druid's Edit option for more information. Leave Excess Capacity Unallocated Only assign storage capacity to partitions that you require immediately. You may allocate free space at any time, to meet needs as they arise.
Partition Types Every partition has a partition type file system partition type, to indicate the format of the file system file system on that partition. The file system enables Linux to organize, search, and retrieve files stored on that partition. Use the ext3 file system file system ext3 ext3 file system for data partitions that are not part of LVM, unless you have specific needs that require another type of file system.
Understanding LVM LVM understanding LVM (Logical Volume Management) partitions provide a number of advantages over standard partitions. LVM partitions are formatted as LVM physical volume physical volumes. One or more physical volumes are combined to form a LVM volume group volume group. Each volume group's total storage is then divided into one or more LVM logical volume logical volumes. The logical volumes function much like standard partitions. They have a file system type, such as ext3, and a mount point. The <filename>/boot</filename> Partition and LVM Only an active Linux system may read or write to LVM volumes. For this reason, the /boot partition that initializes your system must be held outside of the LVM physical volumes. An administrator may grow or shrink logical volumes without destroying data, unlike standard disk partitions. If the physical volumes in a volume group are on separate drives or RAID arrays then administrators may also spread a logical volume across the storage devices. You may lose data if you shrink a logical volume to a smaller capacity than the data on the volume requires. To ensure maximum flexibility, create logical volumes to meet your current needs, and leave excess storage capacity unallocated. You may safely grow logical volumes to use unallocated space, as your needs dictate. LVM and the Default Partition Layout By default, the installation process creates data and swap partitions within LVM volumes, with a separate /boot partition.
Creating a <filename>/home</filename> Partition If you expect that you or other users will store data on the system, create a separate partition for the /home directory within a volume group. With a separate /home partition, you may upgrade or reinstall &FC; without erasing user data files. LVM provides you with the ability to add more storage capacity for the user data at a later time.
Disk Druid Disk Druid Disk Druid is an interactive program for editing disk partitions. Users run it only within the &FC; installation system. Disk Druid enables you to configure RAID Linux software Linux software RAID and LVM LVM to provide more extensible and reliable data storage. Modifying the Default LVM Layout The default layout pools all of the available storage into a single LVM physical volume, with one LVM logical volume for the system. To make capacity available for additional partitions, Edit the logical volume with the mount point /, and reduce it's size as necessary.
Disk Setup Screen disk setup screen
Disk Druid displays the following actions in the installation program: New Select this option to add a partition partition adding or LVM physical volume to the disk. In the Add partition dialog, choose a mount point and a partition type. If you have more than one disk on the system, choose which disks the partition may inhabit. Indicate a size in megabytes for the partition. Illegal Partitions partition illegal The /bin/, /dev/, /etc/, /lib/, /proc/, /root/, and /sbin/ directories may not be used for separate partitions in Disk Druid. These directories reside on the partition root / (root) partition. The /boot partition may not reside on an LVM volume group. Create the /boot partition before configuring any volume groups. You may also choose from three options for sizing your partition: Fixed size Use a fixed size as close to your entry as possible. Fill all space up to Grow the partition to a maximum size of your choice. Fill to maximum allowable size Grow the partition until it fills the remainder of the selected disks. Partition Sizes The actual partition on the disk may be slightly smaller or larger than your choice. Disk geometry issues cause this effect, not an error or bug. After you enter the details for your partition, select OK to continue. Edit Select this option to edit an existing partition, partition editing LVM volume group, or an LVM physical volume that is not yet part of a volume group. To change the size of a LVM physical volume partition, first remove it from any volume groups. Removing LVM Physical Volumes If you remove an LVM physical volume from a volume group, you erase any logical volumes it contains. Edit a partition to change its size, mount point, or file system type. Use this function to: correct a mistake in setting up your partitions migrate Linux partitions if you are upgrading or reinstalling &FC; provide a mount point for non-Linux partitions such as those used on some Windows operating systems Windows Partitions You may not label Windows partitions that use the NTFS file system file system NTFS NTFS file system with a mount point in the &FC; installer. You may label vfat file system file system vfat vfat (FAT16 or FAT32) partitions with a mount point. If you need to make drastic changes to your partition configuration, you may want to delete partitions and start again. If your disk contains data that you need to keep, back it up before you edit any partitions. If you edit the size of a partition, you may lose all data on it. If your system contains many separate partitions for system and user data, it is easier to upgrade your system. The installation program allows you to erase or retain data on specific partitions. If your user data is on a separate partition /home /home partition, you can retain that data while erasing system partitions such as /boot. Delete Select this option to erase an existing partition partition deleting or LVM physical volume. To delete an LVM physical volume, first delete any volume groups of which that physical volume is a member. If you make a mistake, use the Reset option to abandon all the changes you have made. Reset Select this option to force Disk Druid to abandon all changes made to disk partitions. RAID Select this button to set up software RAID RAID on your &FED; system. Create a software RAID partition Choose this option to add a partition for software RAID. This option is the only choice available if your disk contains no software RAID partitions. Create a RAID device Choose this option to construct a RAID device from two or more existing software RAID partitions. This option is available if two or more software RAID partitions have been configured. Clone a drive to create a RAID device Choose this option to set up a RAID mirror of an existing disk. This option is available if two or more disks are attached to the system. LVM Select this button to set up LVM LVM on your &FED; system. First create at least one partition or software RAID device as an LVM physical volume, using the New dialog. To assign one or more physical volumes to a volume group, first name the volume group. Then select the physical volumes to be used in the volume group. Finally, configure logical volumes on any volume groups using the Add, Edit and Delete options. You may not remove a physical volume from a volume group if doing so would leave insufficient space for that group's logical volumes. Take for example a volume group made up of two 5 GB LVM physical volume partitions, which contains an 8 GB logical volume. The installer would not allow you to remove either of the component physical volumes, since that would leave only 5 GB in the group for an 8 GB logical volume. If you reduce the total size of any logical volumes appropriately, you may then remove a physical volume from the volume group. In the example, reducing the size of the logical volume to 4 GB would allow you to remove one of the 5 GB physical volumes. After you finish setting up and reviewing your partition configuration, select Next to continue the installation process.
--- NEW FILE fedora-install-guide-firstboot.xml --- %FEDORA-ENTITIES; %DOC-ENTITIES; ]> First Boot The Setup Agent Setup Agent launches the first time that you start a new &FC; system. Use Setup Agent to configure the system for use before you log in.
Welcome Screen Welcome screen.
Select Forward to start the Setup Agent. Graphical Interface Required Setup Agent requires a graphical interface. If none is available, configure these options manually after you log in.
License Agreement This screen displays the overall licensing terms for &FC;. Each software package in &FC; is covered by its own license which has been approved by the OSI (Open Source Initiative) Open Source Initiative (OSI). For more information about the OSI, refer to http://www.opensource.org/.
License Agreement Screen License agreement screen.
To proceed, select Yes, I agree to the License Agreement and then select Forward.
Firewall The firewall configuring firewall built into &FC; checks every incoming and outgoing network connection on your machine against a set of rules. These rules specify which types of connections are permitted and which are denied. By default the firewall is enabled, with a simple set of rules that allow connections to be made from your system to others, but permit only network browsing and SSH (Secure SHell) firewall configuration SSH (Secure SHell) connections from other systems. You may make changes on this screen to allow access to specific network services on your &FED; system.
Firewall Screen Firewall screen.
To enable access to the services listed on this screen, click the check box next to the service name. SSH Provides Immediate Remote Access All &FED; systems automatically run the SSH remote access service. The default firewall configuration allows connections to this service, to ensure that administrators have immediate remote access to new systems through the user and root accounts. To enable access to other services, select Other ports, and Add the details. Use the Port(s) field to specify either the port number, or the registered name of the service. Select the relevant Protocol from the drop-down. The majority of services use the TCP protocol. The Services List The services file on every system lists the port numbers and names of services that are registered with the Internet Assigned Names Authority (IANA). &FED; systems hold this file in the directory /etc. If a service uses more than one port number, enter each port. For example, an IMAP service enables users to access their e-mail from another system with either a standard connection to TCP port 143, or with an encrypted connection to TCP port 993. To permit IMAP connections to your system, add imap or port number 143, and imaps, or port number 993, for IMAP with SSL encryption. Avoid disabling the firewall. If you believe that it is necessary to do so, select No firewall. Changing the Firewall Settings To change these settings later, choose System AdministrationSecurity Level and Firewall.
&SEL;
&SEL; Screen &SEL; screen.
The &SEL; configuring &SEL; (Security Enhanced Linux) framework is part of &FC;. &SEL; limits the actions of both users and programs by enforcing security policies throughout the operating system. Without &SEL;, software bugs or configuration changes may render a system more vulnerable. The restrictions imposed by &SEL; policies provide extra security against unauthorized access. Inflexible &SEL; policies might inhibit many normal activities on a &FED; system. For this reason, &FC; uses targeted policies, which only affect specific network services. These services cannot perform actions that are not part of their normal functions. The targeted policies reduce or eliminate any inconvenience &SEL; might cause users. Set the &SEL; mode to one of the following: Enforcing Select this mode to use the targeted &SEL; policy on your &FED; system. This is the default mode for &FED; installations. Permissive In this mode, the system is configured with &SEL;, but a breach of security policies only causes an error message to appear. No activities are actually prohibited when &SEL; is installed in this mode. You may change the &SEL; mode to Enforcing at any time after booting. Disabled If you choose this mode for &SEL;, &FED; does not configure the access control system at all. To make &SEL; active later, select System Administration Security Level and Firewall . To adjust &SEL;, choose Modify SELinux Policy. To exempt a key service from &SEL; restrictions, select the service from the list, and choose the Disable SELinux protection option. The SELinux Service Protection item on the list includes options to disable &SEL; restrictions on additional services. Changing the &SEL; policy &SEL; is unique in that it cannot be bypassed, even by the system administrators. To change the behavior of &SEL; after installation, choose System Administration Security Level and Firewall . For more information about &SEL;, refer to the &SEL; FAQ at .
Date and Time If your system does not have Internet access or a network time server, manually set the date and time for your system on this screen. Otherwise, use NTP (Network Time Protocol) NTP (Network Time Protocol) servers to maintain the accuracy of the clock. NTP provides time synchronization service to computers on the same network. The Internet contains many computers that offer public NTP services. The initial display enables you to set the date and time of your system manually.
Date and Time Screen Date and time screen.
Select the Network Time Protocol tab to configure your system to use NTP servers instead. Setting the Clock To change these settings later, choose System Administration Date & Time . To configure your system to use network time servers, select the Enable Network Time Protocol option. This option disables the settings on the Date and Time tab and enables the other settings on this screen.
Date and Time Screen Date and time screen.
By default, &FC; is configured to use three separate groups, or pools, of time servers. Time server pools create redundancy, so if one time server is unavailable, your system synchronizes with another server. To use an additional time server, select Add, and type the DNS name of the server into the box. To remove a server or server pool from the list, select the name and click Delete. If the hardware clock in your computer is highly inaccurate, you may turn off your local time source entirely. To turn off the local time source, select Show advanced options and then deselect the Use Local Time Source option. If you turn off your local time source, the NTP servers take priority over the internal clock. If you enable the Enable NTP Broadcast advanced option, &FC; attempts to automatically locate time servers on the network.
Display The Setup Agent automatically attempts to identify the graphics card and monitor for your computer. It uses this information to calculate the correct Resolution and Color Depth settings.
Display Screen Display screen.
If you need to change the monitor, select Configure to display a list of manufacturers. Select the manufacturer of your monitor on the list, and hit the + key or select the triangle next to the name to view supported models. Choose the correct model from the list and select OK. If none of the listed models match your monitor, select the closest match from either the Generic CRT Display list or the Generic LCD Display list.
Monitor Dialog Monitor dialog.
To change a display setting, select Resolution or Color Depth, and select a new value from the drop-down list. The Setup Agent only shows the settings that are valid for your hardware. Resetting the Display To reconfigure your system after the installation has completed, choose System Administration Display .
System User Create a user account for yourself with this screen. Always use this account to log in to your &FC; system, rather than using the root account.
System User Screen System user screen.
Enter a user name and your full name, and then enter your chosen password. Type your password once more in the Confirm Password box to ensure that it is correct. Refer to for guidelines on selecting a secure password. Creating Extra User Accounts To add additional user accounts to your system after the installation is complete, choose System Administration Users & Groups . To configure &FC; to use network services for authentication or user information, select Use Network Login....
Sound Card The Setup Agent automatically attempts to identify the sound card in your computer.
Sound Card Screen Sound card screen.
Click the play button to check the sound card configuration. If the configuration is correct, &FED; plays a sound sequence. You may adjust the volume with the slidebar. The Repeat option causes the sound to play until the option is unselected, to assist you in tuning your system. If your sound card is identified, but you do not hear the sound, check your speakers and try again. In some cases, you may need to alter the additional settings to obtain the best sound quality. A sound card may provide multiple audio input and output devices. To change the Default PCM device, select a new option from the drop-down list. By default, audio applications connect to a software mixer that manages the PCM devices. To enable applications to bypass the software mixer, select the option to Disable software mixing. You may manually configure a &FC; system to use unsupported sound cards after the installation process is complete. Manual sound hardware configuration is beyond the scope of this document. Changing the Sound Card &FED; automatically attempts to detect a new sound card if you add one to your system. If you need to launch the detection process manually, choose System Administration Soundcard Detection . After you configure the sound card, select Finish to proceed to the login screen. Your &FC; system is now ready for use. Update Your System To ensure the security of your system, run a package update after the installation completes. explains how to update your &FED; system.
--- NEW FILE fedora-install-guide-installingpackages.xml --- %FEDORA-ENTITIES; %DOC-ENTITIES; ]> Installing Packages &FC; reports the installation progress on the screen as it writes the selected packages to your system. Network and DVD installations require no further action. If you are using CDs to install, &FC; prompts you to change discs periodically. After you insert a disc, select OK to resume the installation.
Installing Packages Screen Installing packages screen.
= After installation completes, select Reboot to restart your computer. &FC; ejects any loaded discs before the computer reboots. --- NEW FILE fedora-install-guide-intro.xml --- %FEDORA-ENTITIES; %DOC-ENTITIES; ]> Introduction &FC; is a complete desktop and server operating system created entirely with open source software. &FC; Lifecycle &FC; is a rapidly evolving system which follows the latest technical developments. &FC; may not be appropriate for use in critical applications in your organization. This manual helps you to install &FC; on desktops, laptops and servers. The installation system is flexible enough to use even if you have no previous knowledge of Linux or computer networks. If you select default options, &FC; provides a complete desktop operating system, including productivity applications, Internet utilities, and desktop tools. This document does not detail all of the features of the installation system. &BUG-REPORTING;
Background The &FP;, which produces and maintains &FC;, is a collaboration between &FORMAL-RHI; and the free software FOSS open source FOSS FOSS (free and open source software) free and open source software (FOSS) community. The &FP; also provides &FEX;, additional software packaged for installation on a &FC; system. For more information about the &FP;, please visit &FP-URL;. Refer to http://www.opensource.org/ and http://www.gnu.org/phil= osophy/free-sw.html for more information about open source software.
Understanding i386 and Other Computer Architectures The &FP; provides versions of &FC; for PCs, and also for a range of other machines that are based on different technologies. Each version of &FC; is built for computers that are based on a specific architecture. All 32-bit PCs are based on the i386 architecture. You may also install versions of &FC; on computers that are based on x86_64 or ppc technology. The architectures are explained below: i386 Intel x86-compatible processors, including Intel Pentium and Pentium-MMX, Pentium Pro, Pentium-II, Pentium-III, Celeron, Pentium 4, and Xeon; VIA C3/C3-m and Eden/Eden-N; and AMD Athlon, AthlonXP, Duron, AthlonMP, and Sempron ppc PowerPC processors, such as those found in Apple Power Macintosh, G3, G4, and G5, and IBM pSeries systems x86_64 64-bit AMD processors such as Athlon64, Turion64, Opteron; and Intel 64-bit processors such as EM64T
Before You Begin Before you install &FC;, you need access to: boot or installation media (refer to for more information) information about your network configuration a copy of this &IG; and the Release Notes for this version of &FC; The Release Notes specify the hardware requirements for the version of &FC; which you are about to install. They also provide advice on any known problems with particular hardware and software configurations. The Release Notes are available on the first disc in HTML and plain text format. The latest versions of this &IG; and the Release Notes are available at &FDPDOCS-URL;.
Storage A &FED; system requires a minimum of 700 MB storage for a command-line system. A desktop system with the default applications requires at least 3 GB of storage. You may install multiple copies of &FED; on the same computer. Configure any RAID functions provided by the mainboard of your computer, or attached controller cards, before you begin the installation process. &FED; can automatically detect many RAID devices and use any storage they provide.
Networking By default, &FC; systems attempt to discover correct connection settings for the attached network using DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) DHCP (Dynamic Host Control Protocol). Your network may include a DHCP provider which delivers settings to other systems on demand. The DHCP provider may be a router or wireless access point for the network, or a server. In some circumstances you may need to provide information about your network during the installation process. Refer to and for more information. Modem Configuration The installation system for &FC; does not configure modems. If your computer has a modem, configure the dialing settings after you complete the installation and reboot.
Installing from a Server or Web Site You may install &FC; using a mirror, a Web site or network server that provide a copy of the necessary files. To use a mirror, you need to know: the name of the server the network protocol used for installation (FTP, HTTP, or NFS) the path to the installation files on the server You may install &FC; from your own private mirror, or use one of the public mirrors maintained by members of the community. To ensure that the connection is as fast and reliable as possible, use a server that is close to your own geographical location. The &FP; maintains a list of HTTP and FTP public mirrors, sorted by region, at . To determine the complete directory path for the installation files, add /&FCLOCALVER;/architecture/os/= to the path shown on the webpage. Building Your Own Mirror Refer to for information on how to create your own &FED; mirror for either public or private use. To use a mirror, boot your computer with a &FED; disc, and follow the instructions in . Refer to for more information on creating the boot media. Using the Installation Discs If you boot your computer with either an installation DVD, or the first installation CD, enter linux askmethod at the boot: prompt to access the server installation options. If your network includes a server, you may also use PXE (Pre-boot eXecution Environment) to boot your computer. PXE (also referred to as netboot) is a standard that enables PCs to use files on a server as a boot device. &FC; includes utilities that allow it to function as a PXE server for other computers. You can use this option to install &FC; on a PXE-enabled computer entirely over the network connection, using no physical media at all.
Installing &FC; on a Managed Network Some corporate networks include a directory service that manages user accounts for the organization. &FC; systems can join a Kerberos, NIS, Hesiod, or Microsoft Windows domain as part of the installation process. &FC; can also use LDAP directories. Consult Network Administrators If you are installing outside of your home, always consult the administrators before installing a &FC; system on an existing network. They can provide correct network and authentication settings, and guidance on specific organizational policies and requirements.
Preparing Media To install &FC; from discs, you need five installation CDs, or the installation DVD. There are separate disc sets for each supported architecture. For instructions to download and prepare this CD or DVD installation media, refer to . If you already have the full set of &FC; installation media, skip to . Architecture-Specific Distributions To install &FC;, you must use the boot and installation media that is particular to your architecture. You may use the first CD or DVD installation disc from the complete &FC; distribution to boot your computer. The &FC; distribution also includes image files for boot-only CD or DVD media and USB media. These files can be converted into bootable media using standard Linux utilities or third-party programs on other operating systems. You may boot your computer with boot-only media, and load the installation system from another source to continue the process. The types of installation source for &FED; include: CD or DVD media installation discs hard drive, either attached by USB, or internal to the computer network installation server, using either HTTP, FTP, or NFS You can use this facility to install &FC; on machines without using installation discs. For example, you may install &FC; on a laptop with no CD or DVD drive by booting the machine with a USB pen drive, and then using a hard drive as an installation source. The supported boot media for &FED; include: CD or DVD media (either installation disc #1 or a special boot-only disc) USB media network interface (via PXE) Installation from Diskettes There is no option to either boot or install &FC; from diskettes.
Preparing CD or DVD Media The images/boot.iso file on the first &FC; installation disc is a boot image designed for CD and DVD media. This file also appears on FTP and Web sites providing &FC;. You can also find this file on mirror sites in the &FC; distribution directory for your particular architecture. The &FC; distribution is also downloadable as a set of CD-sized ISO image files or a single DVD-sized ISO image file. You can record these files to CD or DVD using a CD or DVD burning program on your current operating system: Windows operating systems Burn an ISO image to disc using your installed CD or DVD burning software. Most software has an option labeled Burn image file to disc or Make disc from ISO image. If your software offers a choice of image formats, choose "ISO image" as the file type. If several ISO formats are offered, choose the closest match to "Mode 1, 2048-byte blocks." Apple MacOS X Open the Disk Copy application, found in the /Applications/Utilities folder. From the menu, select Image Burn Image... . Select the CD image to burn, check that the burn options are correct, and select the Burn button. Linux operating systems If you are using a recent version of the GNOME desktop environment, right-click the ISO image file and choose Write to disc. If you are using a recent version of the KDE desktop environment, use K3B and select Tools Burn CD Image , or Tools Burn DVD ISO Image if appropriate. The following command line works for many other environments: cdrecord --device=3Dcdwriter-device -= tao -eject image-file.iso System-Specific Instructions Unfortunately this guide cannot offer specific instructions for every possible combination of hardware and software. Consult your operating system's documentation and online support services, and for additional help if needed.
Preparing USB Boot Media Data Loss This procedure destroys data on the media. Back up any important information before you begin. Some models of USB media use additional partitions or software to provide functions such as encryption. This procedure may make it difficult or impossible to access these special areas on your boot media. The images/diskboot.img file on the first &FC; installation disc is a boot image designed for USB media. This file also appears on FTP and Web sites providing &FC;. Several software utilities are available for Windows and Linux that can write image files to a device. Linux includes the dd command for this purpose. The dd utility requires you to specify the device file that corresponds to the physical media. The name of the device file matches the name assigned to the device by your system. All device files appear in the directory /dev/. For example, /dev/sda denotes the first USB or SCSI device that is attached to the system. To learn the name that your system assigns to the media: Open a terminal window. On a &FED; system, choose Applications Accessories Terminal to start a terminal. Attach or insert the media. In the terminal window, type the following command: dmesg Look for the items in the dmesg output that relate to the detection of a new SCSI device. Linux systems treat USB media as forms of SCSI device. Unmount the media. On a &FED; system, right-click the icon that corresponds to the media, and select Unmount Volume. Alternatively, enter this command in a terminal window: umount /dev/sda Replace /dev/sda with the name of the correct device file for the media. To write an image file to boot media with dd on a current version of &FC;, carry out the following steps: Locate the image file. Attach or insert the media. Your system may automatically detect and open the media. If that happens, close or unmount the media before continuing. Open a terminal window. In the terminal window, type the following command: dd if=3Ddiskboot.img of=3D/dev/sda Replace /dev/sda with the name of the correct device file for the media.
--- NEW FILE fedora-install-guide-locale.xml --- %FEDORA-ENTITIES; %DOC-ENTITIES; ]> Identifying Your Locale If the installation system fails to identify the display hardware on your computer, it displays text screens rather than the default graphical interface. The text screens provide the same functions as the standard screens. Later in the installation process you can manually specify your display hardware. Network Installations Network installations with HTTP and FTP always use text screens on systems with less than 128Mb of memory.
Language Selection The installation program displays a list of languages supported by &FED;.
Language Selection Screen Language selection screen.
Highlight the correct language on the list and select Next. Installing Support For Additional Languages To select support for additional languages, customize the installation at the package selection stage. For more information, refer to .
Keyboard Configuration The installation program display a list of the keyboard layouts supported by &FED;:
Keyboard Configuration Screen Keyboard configuration screen.
Highlight the correct layout on the list, and select Next.
--- NEW FILE fedora-install-guide-networkconfig.xml --- %FEDORA-ENTITIES; %DOC-ENTITIES; ]> Network Configuration Use this screen to customize the network settings of your &FED; system. Manual network configuration of a &FED; system is often not required. Many networks have a DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) service that automatically supplies connected systems with configuration data. By default, &FC; activates all network interfaces on your computer and configures them to use DHCP. =
Network Configuration Screen Network configuration screen.
Network Devices &FED; displays a list of network interfaces detected on your computer. Each interface must have a unique IP address IP address on the network to which it is attached. The interface may receive this address from the network DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) DHCP service. To manually assign an IP address, highlight the interface on the Network Device list and select Edit. &FED; then displays a network configuration dialog. Deselect the Configure using DHCP check box, so that it is empty. Enter the IP Address and the appropriate Netmask for the interface. Then select OK. If your computer will be a server, do not use DHCP. Manually configure networking instead. Manual network configuration allows your server to join the local network even if the DHCP provider is down. = Specify whether an interface should be automatically activated at boot time with the Active on Boot check box for that device. You may manually activate a network interface at any time after the system has booted. Modem Configuration The Network Configuration screen does not list modem modems. Configure these devices after installation with the Network utility. The settings for your modem are specific to your particular Internet Service Provider (ISP).
Computer Hostname On some networks, the DHCP provider also provides the name of the computer, or hostname hostname. To specify the hostname, select Manual and type the complete name in the box. The complete hostname includes both the name of the machine and the name of the domain of which it is a member, such as machine1.example.com. The machine name (or "short hostname") is machine1, and the domain name domain name is example.com. Valid Hostnames You may give your system any name provided that the full hostname is unique. The hostname may include letters, numbers and hyphens.
Miscellaneous Settings To manually configure a network interface, you may also provide other network settings for your computer. All of these settings are the IP addresses of other systems on the network. A gateway gateway is the device that provides access to other networks. Gateways are also referred to as router gateway routers. If your system connects to other networks through a gateway, enter its IP address in the Gateway box. Most software relies on the DNS (Domain Name Service) DNS (Domain Name Service) provider to locate machines and services on the network. DNS converts hostnames to IP addresses and vice versa. A &FC; system may use more than one DNS server. If the primary DNS server does not respond, the computer sends any query to the secondary DNS server, and so on. To assign DNS servers, type their IP addresses into the Primary, Secondary, or Tertiary DNS Server boxes. Click Next once you are satisfied with the network settings for your system.
--- NEW FILE fedora-install-guide-nextsteps.xml --- %FEDORA-ENTITIES; %DOC-ENTITIES; ]> Your Next Steps &FED; provides you with a complete operating system with a vast range of capabilities, supported by a large community.
Updating Your System The &FP; releases updated software packages for &FC; throughout the support period of each version. Updated packages add new features, improve reliability, resolve bugs, or remove security vulnerabilities. To ensure the security of your system, carry out an update when the installation process completes. You should then update regularly, and as soon as possible after a security announcement is issued. Refer to for information on the &FED; announcements services. To update your system with the latest packages, use the Software Updater Software Updater: Choose Applications System Tools Software Updater . When prompted, enter the root password. Review the list of updated packages. The package list displays a double arrow next to any updates that require a system reboot to take effect. Click Apply Updates to begin the update process. If one or more updates require a system reboot, the update process displays a dialog with the option to Reboot Now. Either select this option to reboot the system immediately, or Cancel it and reboot the system at a more convenient time. To update packages from the command-line, use the yum yum utility. Type this command to begin a full update of your system with yum: su -c 'yum update' Enter the root password when prompted. Refer to for more information on yum. Network Connection Required Ensure that your system has an active network connection before you run the Software Updater, or the yum utility. The update process downloads information and packages from a network of servers. Automating Updates If your &FED; system has a permanent network connection, you may choose to enable daily system updates. To enable automatic updates, follow the instructions on the webpage .
Subscribing to &FED; Announcements and News To receive information about package updates, subscribe to either the announcements mailing list, or the RSS feeds. &FP; announcements mailing list &FP; RSS feeds The announcements mailing list also provides you with news on the &FP;, and the &FED; community. Security Announcements Announcements with the keyword [SECURITY] in the title identify package updates that resolve security vulnerabilities.
Finding Documentation and Support Members of the &FED; community provides support through mailing lists, Web forums and Linux User Groups (LUGs) across the world. The Web site for the official forums is . The following resources provide information on many aspects of &FED;: The FAQ on the &FP; website The documents available from the &FDP; Web site = The Linux Documentation Project (LDP) = The &RHEL; documentation, much of which also applies to &FED; Many other organizations and individuals also provide tutorials and HOWTOs for &FED; on their Web sites. You can locate information on any topic by using Google's Linux search site, located at .
Joining the &FED; Community The &FP; is driven by the individuals that contribute to it. Community members provide support and documentation to other users, help to improve the software included in &FC; by testing, and develop new software alongside the programmers employed by &RH;. The results of this work are available to all. To make a difference, start here:
--- NEW FILE fedora-install-guide-other-instmethods.xml --- %FEDORA-ENTITIES; %DOC-ENTITIES; ]> Alternative Installation Methods The installation method screen below appears if one of the following is true: You booted with PXE, USB media, or boot-only CD or DVD media. You entered the option at the boot: prompt.
Installation Method Screen Installation method screen.
Highlight the appropriate installation method on the list, and select OK. CD/DVD Activity If the first &FC; distribution installation disc is in your computer's CD or DVD drive, the installation program loads its next stage from that disc. The installation program still downloads package data from the source you choose.
Installation from a Network Server You may install &FC; from a network server using FTP, HTTP, or NFS (Network File System) install from NFS protocols. Refer to for information on installation servers.
TCP/IP Configuration By default, the installation program uses DHCP to automatically provide the network settings. If your network has no DHCP server, clear the check box labeled Use dynamic IP configuration and enter the settings manually. Select OK to continue.
Configure TCP/IP Dialog TCP/IP configuration dialog.
These settings apply only during the installation process. The installation program allows you to configure the final network configuration later.
Network Service Setup The FTP, HTTP, and NFS service setup dialogs are very similar. Each requires the name or IP address of the server, and a directory where the installation files reside. To use a public server, or mirror website, refer to for information on valid server names and directory paths.
FTP Setup Dialog FTP setup dialog.
The FTP service setup dialog also has an option for non-anonymous FTP. If your FTP server does not provide anonymous access, select this check box, and provide an account name and password in the following dialog. Select OK to continue.
Non-anonymous FTP Account Dialog Non-anonymous FTP account dialog.
Large Download Network installations download the main installation program from the server that you specify. The graphical installation program is over 60 Mb in size. Computers with a slow network connection may take several minutes to download this file.
Installation from a Hard Drive Once you have booted your computer, you may use ISO image files of the &FED; discs to continue the installation process. The ISO files must be located on a hard drive that is either internal to the computer, or attached to the machine by USB. You can use this option to install &FC; on computers that have neither a network connection nor CD or DVD drives. The partition on the hard drive holding the ISO files must be formatted with the ext2 file systems file systems ext2 ext2, ext3 file systems file systems ext3 ext3 or vfat file systems file systems vfat vfat file system. In &FED;, vfat includes a range of file systems, such as FAT-16 and FAT-32, found on most removable media. External hard drives usually contain vfat (FAT-32) file systems. Some Microsoft Windows systems also use vfat file systems on internal hard disk partitions. FAT-16, FAT-32, and <systemitem class=3D"filesystem">vfat</systemitem> Before you begin installation from a hard drive, check the partition type to ensure that &FED; can read it. To check a partition's file system under Windows, use the Disk Management tool. To check a partition's file system under Linux, use the fdisk utility. You cannot use ISO files on partitions controlled by LVM (Logical Volume Management). Refer to for more information about file systems. If you choose this option, the following screen appears:
Select Partition Screen Select partition screen.
Select the partition containing the ISO files from the list of available partitions. Internal IDE drive device names begin with /dev/hd. SCSI or USB drive device names begin with /dev/sd. Each individual drive has its own letter, for example /dev/hda. Each partition on a drive is numbered, for example /dev/sda1. Also specify the Directory holding images. Enter the full directory path from the drive that contains the ISO image files. Select OK to continue.
--- NEW FILE fedora-install-guide-packageselection.xml --- %FEDORA-ENTITIES; %DOC-ENTITIES; ]> Software Selection By default, the &FED; installation process loads a selection of software that is suitable for a desktop system.
Task Selection Screen Task selection screen.
To include or remove software for common tasks, select the relevant items from the list: Office and Productivity This option provides the OpenOffice.org productivity suite, the Planner project management application, graphical tools such as the GIMP, and multimedia applications. Software Development This option provides the necessary tools to compile software on your &FED; system. Web server This option provides the Apache Web server. Select Customize now to specify the software packages for your final system in more detail. This option causes the installation process to display an additional customization screen when you select Next. Installing Support for Additional Languages Select Customize now to install support for additional languages. Refer to for more information on configuring language support.
Core Network Services All Fedora Core installations include the following network services: centralized logging through syslog email through SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) network file sharing through NFS (Network File System) remote access through SSH (Secure SHell) resource advertising through mDNS (multicast DNS) The default installation also provides: network file transfer through HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol) printing through CUPS (Common UNIX Printing System) remote desktop access through VNC (Virtual Network Computing) Some automated processes on your Fedora system use the email service to send reports and messages to the system administrator. By default, the email, logging, and printing services do not accept connections from other systems. &FED; installs the NFS sharing, HTTP, and VNC components without enabling those services. You may configure your Fedora system after installation to offer email, file sharing, logging, printing and remote desktop access services. The SSH service is enabled by default. You may use NFS to access files on other systems without enabling the NFS sharing service.
Customizing the Software Selection &FED; divides the included software into package groups package groups. For ease of use, the package selection screen displays these groups as six categories:
Package Group Selection Screen Package group selection screen.
To view the package groups for a category, select the category from the list on the left. The list on the right displays the package groups for the currently selected category. To specify a package group for installation, select the check box next to the group. The box at the bottom of the screen displays the details of the package group that is currently highlighted. None of the packages from a group will be installed unless the check box for that group is selected. If you select a package group, &FED; automatically installs the base and mandatory packages for that group. To change which optional packages within a selected group will be installed, select the Optional Packages button under the description of the group. Then use the check box next to an individual package name to change its selection.
Package Group Details Dialog Package group details dialog.
Changing Your Mind The packages that you select are not permanent. After you boot your system, use the pirut tool to either install new software, or remove installed packages. To run this tool, from the main menu, select Applications Add/Remove Software . The &FED; software management system downloads the latest packages from network servers, rather than using those on the installation discs.
Additional Language Support Your &FC; system automatically supports the language that you selected at the start of the installation process. To include support for additional languages, select the package group for those languages from the Languages category. After you choose the desired packages, select Next to proceed. &FC; checks your selection, and automatically adds any extra packages required to use the software you select.
--- NEW FILE fedora-install-guide-rootpassword.xml --- %FEDORA-ENTITIES; %DOC-ENTITIES; ]> Set the Root Password &FED; uses a special account named root account root for system administration. The root account on a Linux system is not subject to most normal account restrictions. As the system owner or administrator, you may sometimes require special privileges to configure or modify the system. In those cases, use the root account. Using the <systemitem class=3D"username">root</systemitem> Account Avoid logging in to &FC; as root when possible. Any administration tools which require root privileges will prompt you for the password. The &FED; installation program requires the root password to be at least six char= acters long. Because the root account may potentially control any part of the system, use the following guidelines to create a good password: Use a combination of uppercase letters, lowercase letters, numbers, punctuation and other characters. Do not use a word or name. Obscuring the word or name with substitute characters is not effective. Do not use the same password for more than one system. The following are examples of good passwords: f9*@1Ls99A HL8$391%%rb Iwtb,10^th Enter the root password into the Root Password field. &FED; displays the characters as asterisks for security. Type the same password into the Confirm field to ensure it is set correctly.
Set Root Password Screen Set root password screen.
After you set the root password, select Next to proceed. --- NEW FILE fedora-install-guide-techref.xml --- %FEDORA-ENTITIES; %DOC-ENTITIES; ]> Other Technical Documentation This document provides a reference for using the &FC; installation software, known as anaconda. To learn more about Anaconda anaconda, visit the project Web page: . Both anaconda and &FC; systems use a common set of software components. For detailed information on key technologies, refer to the Web sites listed below: Boot Loader &FC; uses the GRUB documentation GRUB boot loader. Refer to for more information. Disk Partitioning &FC; uses parted to partition disks. Refer to for more information. Storage Management LVM documentation Logical Volume Management (LVM) provides administrators with a range of facilities to manage storage. By default, the &FED; installation process formats drives as LVM volumes. Refer to for more information. Audio Support The Linux kernel used by &FC; incorporates ALSA (Advanced Linux Sound Architecture) ALSA (Advanced Linux Sound Architecture). For more information about ALSA, refer to the project Web site: . Graphics System Both the installation system and &FC; use the Xorg Xorg suite to provide graphical capabilities. Components of Xorg manage the display, keyboard and mouse for the desktop environments that users interact with. Refer to for more information. Remote Displays &FC; and anaconda include VNC (Virtual Network Computing) documentation VNC (Virtual Network Computing) software to enable remote access to graphical displays. For more information about VNC, refer to the documentation on the RealVNC Web site: . Command-line Interface By default, &FC; uses the GNU bash shell to provide a command-line interface. The GNU Core Utilities complete the command-line environment. Refer to for more information on bash. To learn more about the GNU Core Utilities, refer to . Remote System Access &FC; incorporates the OpenSSH SSH OpenSSH suite to provide remote access to the system. The SSH SSH (Secure SHell) documentation service enables a number of functions, which include access to the command-line from other systems, remote command execution, and network file transfers. During the installation process anaconda may use the scp scp SSH feature of OpenSSH to transfer crash reports to remote systems. Refer to the OpenSSH Web site for more information: . Access Control &SEL; documentation &SEL; provides Mandatory Access Control (MAC) capabilities that supplement the standard Linux security features. Refer to the &SEL; FAQ for more information: . Firewall The Linux kernel used by &FC; incorporates the netfilter framework to provide firewall documentation firewall features. The Netfilter project website provides documentation for both netfilter, and the iptables administration facilities: . Software Installation &FC; uses yum documentation yum to manage the RPM packages that make up the system. Refer to for more information. Virtualization Xen documentation Xen provides the capability to simultaneously run multiple operating systems on the same computer. &FC; also includes tools to install and manage the secondary systems on a &FED; host. You may select Xen support during the installation process, or at any time thereafter. Refer to for more information. --- NEW FILE fedora-install-guide-timezone.xml --- %FEDORA-ENTITIES; %DOC-ENTITIES; ]> Time Zone Selection This screen allows you to specify the correct time zone for the location of your computer. Specify a time zone even if you plan to use NTP (Network Time Protocol) NTP (Network Time Protocol) to maintain the accuracy of the system clock.
Selecting a Time Zone &FED; displays on the screen two methods for selecting the time zone.
Time Zone Selection Screen Time zone selection screen.
To select a time zone using the map, first place your mouse pointer over your region on the map. Click once to magnify that region on the map. Next, select the yellow dot that represents the city nearest to your location. Once you select a dot, it becomes a red X to indicate your selection. To select a time zone using the list, select the name of the city nearest to your location. The cities are listed in alphabetical order.
Universal Co-ordinated Time (UTC) UTC (Universal Co-ordinated time) Universal Co-ordinated Time is also known as GMT (Greenwich Mean Time) UTC Greenwich Mean Time (GMT). If &FC; is the only operating system on your computer, select System clock uses UTC. The system clock is a piece of hardware on your computer system. &FC; uses the timezone setting to determine the offset between the local time and UTC on the system clock. This behavior is standard for UNIX-like operating systems. Windows and the System Clock Do not enable the System clock uses UTC option if your machine also runs Microsoft Windows. Microsoft operating systems change the BIOS clock to match local time rather than UTC. This may cause unexpected behavior under &FC;. Select Next to proceed.
--- NEW FILE fedora-install-guide-upgrading.xml --- %FEDORA-ENTITIES; %DOC-ENTITIES; ]> Upgrading an Existing System The installation system automatically detects any existing installation of &FC;. The upgrade process updates the existing system software with new versions, but does not remove any data from users' home directories. The existing partition structure on your hard drives does not change. Your system configuration changes only if a package upgrade demands it. Most package upgrades do not change system configuration, but rather install an additional configuration file for you to examine later.
Upgrade Examine If your system contains a &FC; or &RHL; installation, the following screen appears:
Upgrade Examine Screen Upgrade examine screen.
To perform an upgrade of an existing system, choose the appropriate installation from the drop-down list and select Next. = Manually Installed Software Software which you have installed manually on your existing &FC; or &RHL; system may behave differently after an upgrade. You may need to manually recompile this software after an upgrade to ensure it performs correctly on the updated system.
Upgrading Boot Loader Configuration boot loader upgrading Your completed &FC; installation must be registered in the boot loader GRUB boot loader to boot properly. A boot loader is software on your machine that locates and starts the operating system. Refer to for more information about boot loaders.
Upgrade Bootloader Screen Upgrade bootloader screen.
If the existing boot loader was installed by a Linux distribution, the installation system can modify it to load the new &FC; system. To update the existing Linux boot loader, select Update boot loader configuration. This is the default behavior when you upgrade an existing &FC; or &RHL; installation. GRUB is the standard boot loader for &FED;. If your machine uses another boot loader, such as BootMagic, System Commander, or the loader installed by Microsoft Windows, then the &FED; installation system cannot update it. In this case, select Skip boot loader updating. When the installation process completes, refer to the documentation for your product for assistance. Install a new boot loader as part of an upgrade process only if you are certain you want to replace the existing boot loader. If you install a new boot loader, you may not be able to boot other operating systems on the same machine until you have configured the new boot loader. Select Create new boot loader configuration to remove the existing boot loader and install GRUB. After you make your selection, click Next to continue.
--- NEW FILE fedora-install-guide.xml --- %FEDORA-ENTITIES; %DOC-ENTITIES; ]> --- NEW FILE rpm-info.xml --- OPL 1.0 2006 Red Hat, Inc. Stuart Ellis Paul W. Frields Fedora Core 5 Installation Guide Provides documentation for the installation process.
Amended example computer names
Amended USB media instructions to use dmesg.
Improved LVM and partitioning information.
Amended section on formatting USB media.
Noted that Fedora package tools require network access.
Provided extra CD burning information.
Fixed Soundcard screenshot links.
Reenabled Sound Card section.
Removed obsolete admonition.
Updated to match Rawhide.
Updated First Boot section.
Boot options broken out into clearer subsections.
Added Xen material.
Updated First Boot.
Screenshot changes.
Updated screenshots.
Added the task selection screen.
Added section on remote logging.
Updated indexing.
Updated Package Selection screen for test2.
Updated for FC5 test2.
Added initial empty RPM revision to test packaging.
Added information on driver disks.
Minor fixes to Boot Options.
Expanded Technical References section.
Amended Management Options section.
Updated Management Options section.
Added Technical References section.
Added Management Options section.
Updated sections on installation methods.
Updated partitioning section.
Added material on updating the new installation.
Reorganized to match anaconda screens.
Additional reorganization for clarity; information on /home = partition
Reorganization of introductory material
Release version
Publication edit and declaration of release candidate
Additional style editing and indexing
Style editing, removed "nextsteps" from build
First commission to CVS, plus very minor parent file edits --===============3738466325413782107==--