On Tue, 2024-06-18 at 11:40 -0400, Tom Horsley wrote:
Using dd to back up a disk leaves the copy with the exact same UUID as the source. So it is just down to random timing and order of operations as to which disk it will choose, so using /dev/sda instead of UUID is one possible solution, but there are UUID values in lots more places than /etc/fstab. (grub.cfg for one, but other files as well like the /boot/loader/entries files).
If one was cloning a drive so you can quickly recover from a failure by using the other drive, I would think that for the least surprises, you have to be unplugging the copy when cloned. Then actually swap drives over if you needed to use it, instead.