systemd vice SysV/LSB init systems - what next ?
"Jóhann B. Guðmundsson"
johannbg at gmail.com
Tue Jul 19 18:30:59 UTC 2011
On 07/19/2011 05:59 PM, Fulko Hew wrote:
>
>
> On Tue, Jul 19, 2011 at 1:48 PM, Jeff Spaleta <jspaleta at gmail.com
> <mailto:jspaleta at gmail.com>> wrote:
>
> On Tue, Jul 19, 2011 at 8:51 AM, seth vidal
> <skvidal at fedoraproject.org <mailto:skvidal at fedoraproject.org>> wrote:
> > I agree with one section of your argument:
> > arguments which are just "I'm not used to this" are bad arguments.
> >
> > Many of the arguments presented in this and other threads do
> not boil
> > down to that. If you believe them to do so, Jeff, then you're
> presenting
> > a straw man as I'm sure you're aware.
>
> I disagree this thread specifically boils down to familiarity
> argument. Shall I break down the original post point by point?
>
>
> ... snip ...
>
> - transparency of code due to shell use
>
> how is shell more transparent? from my meager understanding of
> systemd we are actually getting better more systematic failure and
> logging information from systemd unit files than we get from the
> complexity of shell scripts. Are we not?
>
>
> Up until now, my package is architecture independent.
>
> From what I understand, I will now have to provide some systemd
> application that is coded in C?
> If that is the case, I now have to create an RPM per-architecture
> and loose my architecture independence.
>
> True or false?
>
False
Hum best is to provide you with example which daemon do you maintain I
can convert it for you and provide it to you as an example anyway here's
an example of a systemd unit that I converted sometime ago for a know
application named tomcat6 and I'll leave readers to be the judge of that
what is harder to understand the native systemd unit or the legacy sysv
init script...
First the converted unit file
# cat /lib/systemd/system/tomcat6.service
[Unit]
Description=Apache Tomcat Web Applications Server
After=systlog.target network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/sysconfig/tomcat6
ExecStart=/usr/sbin/tomcat6 start
ExecStop=/usr/sbin/tomcat6 stop
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
Now the legacy sysv init script that everybody seem to love and cheerish
so much...
# cat /etc/rc.d/init.d/tomcat6
#!/bin/bash
#
# tomcat6 This shell script takes care of starting and stopping Tomcat
#
# chkconfig: - 80 20
#
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides: tomcat6
# Required-Start: $network $syslog
# Required-Stop: $network $syslog
# Default-Start:
# Default-Stop:
# Description: Release implementation for Servlet 2.5 and JSP 2.1
# Short-Description: start and stop tomcat
### END INIT INFO
#
# - originally written by Henri Gomez, Keith Irwin, and Nicolas Mailhot
# - heavily rewritten by Deepak Bhole and Jason Corley
#
## Source function library.
#. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
# Source LSB function library.
if [ -r /lib/lsb/init-functions ]; then
. /lib/lsb/init-functions
else
exit 1
fi
DISTRIB_ID=`lsb_release -i -s 2>/dev/null`
NAME="$(basename $0)"
unset ISBOOT
if [ "${NAME:0:1}" = "S" -o "${NAME:0:1}" = "K" ]; then
NAME="${NAME:3}"
ISBOOT="1"
fi
# For SELinux we need to use 'runuser' not 'su'
if [ -x "/sbin/runuser" ]; then
SU="/sbin/runuser -s /bin/sh"
else
SU="/bin/su -s /bin/sh"
fi
# Get the tomcat config (use this for environment specific settings)
TOMCAT_CFG="/etc/tomcat6/tomcat6.conf"
if [ -r "$TOMCAT_CFG" ]; then
. $TOMCAT_CFG
fi
# Get instance specific config file
if [ -r "/etc/sysconfig/${NAME}" ]; then
. /etc/sysconfig/${NAME}
fi
# Define which connector port to use
CONNECTOR_PORT="${CONNECTOR_PORT:-8080}"
# Path to the tomcat launch script
TOMCAT_SCRIPT="/usr/sbin/tomcat6"
# Tomcat program name
TOMCAT_PROG="${NAME}"
# Define the tomcat username
TOMCAT_USER="${TOMCAT_USER:-tomcat}"
# Define the tomcat log file
TOMCAT_LOG="${TOMCAT_LOG:-${CATALINA_HOME}/logs/catalina.out}"
RETVAL="0"
# Look for open ports, as the function name might imply
function findFreePorts() {
local isSet1="false"
local isSet2="false"
local isSet3="false"
local lower="8000"
randomPort1="0"
randomPort2="0"
randomPort3="0"
local -a listeners="( $(
netstat -ntl | \
awk '/^tcp/ {gsub("(.)*:", "", $4); print $4}'
) )"
while [ "$isSet1" = "false" ] || \
[ "$isSet2" = "false" ] || \
[ "$isSet3" = "false" ]; do
let port="${lower}+${RANDOM:0:4}"
if [ -z `expr " ${listeners[*]} " : ".*\( $port \).*"` ]; then
if [ "$isSet1" = "false" ]; then
export randomPort1="$port"
isSet1="true"
elif [ "$isSet2" = "false" ]; then
export randomPort2="$port"
isSet2="true"
elif [ "$isSet3" = "false" ]; then
export randomPort3="$port"
isSet3="true"
fi
fi
done
}
function makeHomeDir() {
if [ ! -d "$CATALINA_HOME" ]; then
echo "$CATALINA_HOME does not exist, creating"
if [ ! -d "/usr/share/${NAME}" ]; then
mkdir /usr/share/${NAME}
cp -pLR /usr/share/tomcat6/* /usr/share/${NAME}
fi
mkdir -p /var/log/${NAME} \
/var/cache/${NAME} \
/var/tmp/${NAME}
ln -fs /var/cache/${NAME} ${CATALINA_HOME}/work
ln -fs /var/tmp/${NAME} ${CATALINA_HOME}/temp
cp -pLR /usr/share/${NAME}/bin $CATALINA_HOME
cp -pLR /usr/share/${NAME}/conf $CATALINA_HOME
ln -fs /usr/share/java/tomcat6 ${CATALINA_HOME}/lib
ln -fs /usr/share/tomcat6/webapps ${CATALINA_HOME}/webapps
chown ${TOMCAT_USER}:${TOMCAT_USER} /var/log/${NAME}
fi
}
function parseOptions() {
options=""
options="$options $(
awk '!/^#/ && !/^$/ { ORS=" "; print "export ", $0,
";" }' \
$TOMCAT_CFG
)"
if [ -r "/etc/sysconfig/${NAME}" ]; then
options="$options $(
awk '!/^#/ && !/^$/ { ORS=" ";
print "export ", $0, ";" }' \
/etc/sysconfig/${NAME}
)"
fi
TOMCAT_SCRIPT="$options ${TOMCAT_SCRIPT}"
}
# See how we were called.
function start() {
echo -n "Starting ${TOMCAT_PROG}: "
if [ "$RETVAL" != "0" ]; then
log_failure_msg
return
fi
if [ -f "/var/lock/subsys/${NAME}" ]; then
if [ -f "/var/run/${NAME}.pid" ]; then
read kpid < /var/run/${NAME}.pid
# if checkpid $kpid 2>&1; then
if [ -d "/proc/${kpid}" ]; then
log_success_msg
if [ "$DISTRIB_ID" = "MandrivaLinux" ]; then
echo
fi
return 0
fi
fi
fi
# fix permissions on the log and pid files
export CATALINA_PID="/var/run/${NAME}.pid"
touch $CATALINA_PID 2>&1 || RETVAL="4"
if [ "$RETVAL" -eq "0" -a "$?" -eq "0" ]; then
chown ${TOMCAT_USER}:${TOMCAT_USER} $CATALINA_PID
fi
[ "$RETVAL" -eq "0" ] && touch $TOMCAT_LOG 2>&1 || RETVAL="4"
if [ "$RETVAL" -eq "0" -a "$?" -eq "0" ]; then
chown ${TOMCAT_USER}:${TOMCAT_USER} $TOMCAT_LOG
fi
if [ "$CATALINA_HOME" != "/usr/share/tomcat6" -a "$RETVAL" -eq "0"
]; then
# Create a tomcat directory if it doesn't exist
makeHomeDir
# If CATALINA_HOME doesn't exist modify port number so that
# multiple instances don't interfere with each other
findFreePorts
sed -i -e "s/8005/${randomPort1}/g" -e
"s/8080/${CONNECTOR_PORT}/g" \
-e "s/8009/${randomPort2}/g" -e "s/8443/${randomPort3}/g" \
${CATALINA_HOME}/conf/server.xml
fi
parseOptions
if [ "$RETVAL" -eq "0" -a "$SECURITY_MANAGER" = "true" ]; then
$SU - $TOMCAT_USER -c "${TOMCAT_SCRIPT} start-security" \
>> ${CATALINA_HOME}/logs/initd.log 2>&1 || RETVAL="4"
else
[ "$RETVAL" -eq "0" ] && $SU - $TOMCAT_USER -c "${TOMCAT_SCRIPT}
start" >> ${CATALINA_HOME}/logs/initd.log 2>&1 || RETVAL="4"
fi
if [ "$RETVAL" -eq "0" ]; then
log_success_msg
touch /var/lock/subsys/${NAME}
else
log_failure_msg "Error code ${RETVAL}"
fi
if [ "$DISTRIB_ID" = "MandrivaLinux" ]; then
echo
fi
}
function stop() {
echo -n "Stopping ${TOMCAT_PROG}: "
if [ -f "/var/lock/subsys/${NAME}" ]; then
parseOptions
if [ "$RETVAL" -eq "0" ]; then
touch /var/lock/subsys/${NAME} 2>&1 || RETVAL="4"
[ "$RETVAL" -eq "0" ] && $SU - $TOMCAT_USER -c
"${TOMCAT_SCRIPT} stop" >> ${CATALINA_HOME}/logs/initd.log 2>&1 ||
RETVAL="4"
fi
if [ "$RETVAL" -eq "0" ]; then
count="0"
if [ -f "/var/run/${NAME}.pid" ]; then
read kpid < /var/run/${NAME}.pid
until [ "$(ps --pid $kpid | grep -c $kpid)" -eq "0" ] || \
[ "$count" -gt "$SHUTDOWN_WAIT" ]; do
if [ "$SHUTDOWN_VERBOSE" = "true" ]; then
echo "waiting for processes $kpid to exit"
fi
sleep 1
let count="${count}+1"
done
if [ "$count" -gt "$SHUTDOWN_WAIT" ]; then
if [ "$SHUTDOWN_VERBOSE" = "true" ]; then
log_warning_msg "killing processes which did
not stop after ${SHUTDOWN_WAIT} seconds"
fi
kill -9 $kpid
fi
log_success_msg
fi
rm -f /var/lock/subsys/${NAME} /var/run/${NAME}.pid
else
log_failure_msg
RETVAL="4"
fi
else
log_success_msg
RETVAL="0"
fi
if [ "$DISTRIB_ID" = "MandrivaLinux" ]; then
echo
fi
}
function usage()
{
echo "Usage: $0
{start|stop|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|status|version}"
RETVAL="2"
}
# See how we were called.
RETVAL="0"
case "$1" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
restart)
stop
start
;;
condrestart|try-restart)
if [ -f "/var/run/${NAME}.pid" ]; then
stop
start
fi
;;
reload)
RETVAL="3"
;;
force-reload)
if [ -f "/var/run/${NAME}.pid" ]; then
stop
start
fi
;;
status)
if [ -f "/var/run/${NAME}.pid" ]; then
read kpid < /var/run/${NAME}.pid
if [ -d "/proc/${kpid}" ]; then
log_success_msg "${NAME} (pid ${kpid}) is running..."
RETVAL="0"
else
# The pid file exists but the process is not running
log_warning_msg "PID file exists, but process is not
running"
RETVAL="1"
fi
else
pid="$(/usr/bin/pgrep -d , -u ${TOMCAT_USER} -G
${TOMCAT_USER} java)"
if [ -z "$pid" ]; then
# status ${NAME}
# RETVAL="$?"
log_success_msg "${NAME} is stopped"
RETVAL="3"
else
log_success_msg "${NAME} (pid $pid) is running..."
RETVAL="0"
fi
fi
if [ -f /var/lock/subsys/${NAME} ]; then
pid="$(/usr/bin/pgrep -d , -u ${TOMCAT_USER} -G
${TOMCAT_USER} java)"
# The lockfile exists but the process is not running
if [ -z "$pid" ]; then
log_failure_msg "${NAME} lockfile exists but process is
not running"
RETVAL="2"
fi
fi
;;
version)
${TOMCAT_SCRIPT} version
;;
*)
usage
;;
esac
exit $RETVAL
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