[system-administrators-guide] Update chapter for Fedora 20
stephenw
stephenw at fedoraproject.org
Wed Dec 3 22:48:13 UTC 2014
commit 2b9972ef9f282e79aaed1122ded7be0cd4337e7c
Author: Stephen Wadeley <swadeley at redhat.com>
Date: Wed Dec 3 23:44:37 2014 +0100
Update chapter for Fedora 20
changes to remove outdated GUI description and screenshots
en-US/Managing_Users_and_Groups.xml | 559 +++++++----------------------------
1 files changed, 104 insertions(+), 455 deletions(-)
---
diff --git a/en-US/Managing_Users_and_Groups.xml b/en-US/Managing_Users_and_Groups.xml
index cfafab9..d4ad691 100644
--- a/en-US/Managing_Users_and_Groups.xml
+++ b/en-US/Managing_Users_and_Groups.xml
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
Each user is associated with a unique numerical identification number called a <firstterm>user ID</firstterm> (<acronym>UID</acronym>). Likewise, each group is associated with a <firstterm>group ID</firstterm> (<acronym>GID</acronym>). A user who creates a file is also the owner and group owner of that file. The file is assigned separate read, write, and execute permissions for the owner, the group, and everyone else. The file owner can be changed only by <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>, and access permissions can be changed by both the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user and file owner.
</para>
<para>
- Additionally, &MAJOROS; supports <firstterm>access control lists</firstterm> (<acronym>ACLs</acronym>) for files and directories which allow permissions for specific users outside of the owner to be set. See For more information about this feature, refer to the <ulink url="http://docs.redhat.com/docs/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/6/html/Storage_Administration_Guide/ch-acls.html"><citetitle pubwork="chapter">Access Control Lists</citetitle></ulink> chapter of the <ulink url="http://docs.redhat.com/docs/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/6/html/Storage_Administration_Guide/index.html"><citetitle pubwork="book">Storage Administration Guide</citetitle></ulink>.
+ Additionally, &MAJOROS; supports <firstterm>access control lists</firstterm> (<acronym>ACLs</acronym>) for files and directories which allow permissions for specific users outside of the owner to be set. For more information about this feature, see the <ulink url="https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/6/html/Storage_Administration_Guide/ch-acls.html"><citetitle pubwork="chapter">Access Control Lists</citetitle></ulink> chapter of the <ulink url="https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/6/html/Storage_Administration_Guide/index.html"><citetitle pubwork="book">Storage Administration Guide</citetitle></ulink>.
</para>
<section id="s2-users-groups-private-groups">
<title>User Private Groups</title>
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@
<secondary>overview of</secondary>
</indexterm>
<para>
- Especially in environments with multiple users, it is very important to use <firstterm>shadow passwords</firstterm> provided by the <package>shadow-utils</package> package to enhance the security of system authentication files. For this reason, the installation program enables shadow passwords by default.
+ In environments with multiple users, it is very important to use <firstterm>shadow passwords</firstterm> provided by the <package>shadow-utils</package> package to enhance the security of system authentication files. For this reason, the installation program enables shadow passwords by default.
</para>
<para>
The following is a list of the advantages shadow passwords have over the traditional way of storing passwords on UNIX-based systems:
@@ -123,160 +123,6 @@
</itemizedlist>
</section>
</section>
- <section id="sect-Managing_Users_and_Groups-User_Accounts">
- <title>Using the User Accounts Tool</title>
- <indexterm>
- <primary>users</primary>
- <see>user configuration</see>
- </indexterm>
- <indexterm>
- <primary>user configuration</primary>
- <secondary>viewing list of users</secondary>
- </indexterm>
- <indexterm>
- <primary><application>User Accounts</application></primary>
- <see>user configuration</see>
- </indexterm>
- <para>
- The <application>User Accounts</application> configuration tool allows you to view, modify, add, and delete local users. To run the tool, select <menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>System Tools</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>System Settings</guimenuitem></menuchoice> from the <guimenu>Activities</guimenu> menu and click the <guimenu>User Accounts</guimenu> icon.
- </para>
- <figure id="fig-Managing_Users_and_Groups-User_Accounts">
- <title>The User Accounts configuration tool</title>
- <mediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="images/user-accounts.png" format="PNG" scalefit="0" />
- </imageobject>
- <textobject>
- <para>
- The User Accounts configuration tool
- </para>
- </textobject>
- </mediaobject>
- </figure>
- <para>
- By default, the tool only allows you to change certain settings regarding your account. This is because only the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user is allowed to configure users and groups. To unlock the configuration tool for all kinds of changes, click the <guibutton>Unlock</guibutton> button in the top-right corner of the window, and provide the correct password when prompted.
- </para>
- <section id="sect-Managing_Users_and_Groups-User_Accounts-Configuring_an_Account">
- <title>Configuring an Account</title>
- <para>
- To change the image associated with an account, click the icon next to the account name and either select a picture from the pulldown list, or click <guimenuitem>Browse for more pictures...</guimenuitem> to use an image from your local drive.
- </para>
- <para>
- To change the name associated with an account, click the name next to the icon to edit it.
- </para>
- <para>
- To change the account type, click the text next to the <guimenu>Account type</guimenu> label. Note that this change requires the configuration tool to be unlocked even if you are changing your own account.
- </para>
- <para>
- To change the default language for an account, click the text next to the <guilabel>Language</guilabel> label and select a language from the list.
- </para>
- <para>
- To change the password, click the field next to the <guilabel>Password</guilabel> label. A dialog box appears, allowing you to set the new password. Note that the current password must be provided in order to confirm the change. Once done, click the <guibutton>Change</guibutton> button to save the change.
- </para>
- <figure id="fig-Managing_Users_and_Groups-User_Accounts-Changing_Password">
- <title>Changing the password</title>
- <mediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="images/user-accounts-password-change.png" format="PNG" scalefit="0" />
- </imageobject>
- <textobject>
- <para>
- Changing the password
- </para>
- </textobject>
- </mediaobject>
- </figure>
- <note>
- <title>Password security advice</title>
- <para>
- It is advisable to use a much longer password, as this makes it more difficult for an intruder to guess it and access the account without permission. It is also recommended that the password not be based on a dictionary term: use a combination of letters, numbers and special characters.
- </para>
- </note>
- <para>
- Finally, to set up automatic login for a particular account, enable the <guilabel>Automatic Login</guilabel> switch. The configuration tool must be unlocked to make this change.
- </para>
- </section>
- <section id="sect-Managing_Users_and_Groups-User_Accounts-Adding_a_New_User">
- <title>Adding a New User</title>
- <indexterm>
- <primary>user configuration</primary>
- <secondary>adding users</secondary>
- </indexterm>
- <para>
- To add a new user, make sure the configuration tool is unlocked, and click the <guibutton>+</guibutton> button (that is, the plus sign) below the account list. A dialog window appears, allowing you to supply user details.
- </para>
- <figure id="fig-Managing_Users_and_Groups-User_Accounts-Adding_an_Account">
- <title>Creating a new account</title>
- <mediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="images/user-accounts-create.png" format="PNG" scalefit="0" />
- </imageobject>
- <textobject>
- <para>
- Creating a new account
- </para>
- </textobject>
- </mediaobject>
- </figure>
- <para>
- Take the following steps to create an account:
- </para>
- <procedure>
- <step>
- <para>
- Select an account type from the <guimenu>Account type</guimenu> pulldown list. Available account types are <option>Administrator</option> and <option>Standard</option> (the default option).
- </para>
- </step>
- <step>
- <para>
- Fill in the <guilabel>Full name</guilabel> input field to set the name associated with the account. This name will be used by the login manager, and will be displayed on the panel.
- </para>
- </step>
- <step>
- <para>
- Either select a suggested username from the <guilabel>Username</guilabel> pulldown list, or fill in the corresponding input field.
- </para>
- </step>
- <step>
- <para>
- Click the <guibutton>Create</guibutton> button to confirm the settings.
- </para>
- </step>
- </procedure>
- <para>
- &MAJOROS; uses a <firstterm>user private group</firstterm> (UPG) scheme. The UPG scheme does not add or change anything in the standard UNIX way of handling groups; it offers a new convention. Whenever you create a new user, a unique group with the same name as the user is created.
- </para>
- <para>
- When a new account is created, default configuration files are copied from the <filename class="directory">/etc/skel/</filename> directory into the new home directory.
- </para>
- </section>
- <section id="sect-Managing_Users_and_Groups-User_Accounts-Removing_a_User">
- <title>Removing a User</title>
- <indexterm>
- <primary>user configuration</primary>
- <secondary>removing users</secondary>
- </indexterm>
- <para>
- To remove a user, make sure the configuration tool is unlocked, select the desired account from the account list, and click the <guibutton>−</guibutton> button (that is, the minus sign) below the account list. A dialog window appears, allowing you to confirm or cancel the change.
- </para>
- <figure id="fig-Managing_Users_and_Groups-User_Accounts-Removing_an_Account">
- <title>Removing an account</title>
- <mediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="images/user-accounts-remove.png" format="PNG" scalefit="0" />
- </imageobject>
- <textobject>
- <para>
- Removing an account
- </para>
- </textobject>
- </mediaobject>
- </figure>
- <para>
- To delete files and directories that belong to the user (that is, the home directory, mail spool, and temporary files), click the <guibutton>Delete Files</guibutton> button. To keep these files intact and only delete the user account, click <guibutton>Keep Files</guibutton>. To abort the deletion, click <guibutton>Cancel</guibutton>.
- </para>
- </section>
- </section>
<section id="s1-users-configui">
<title>Using the User Manager Tool</title>
<indexterm>
@@ -304,211 +150,19 @@
<see>user configuration</see>
</indexterm>
<para>
- The <application>User Manager</application> application allows you to view, modify, add, and delete local users and groups in the graphical user interface. To start the application, either select <menuchoice><guimenu>Applications</guimenu><guisubmenu>Other</guisubmenu><guimenuitem>Users and Groups</guimenuitem></menuchoice> from the <guimenu>Activities</guimenu> menu, or type <command>system-config-users</command> at a shell prompt. Note that unless you have superuser privileges, the application will prompt you to authenticate as <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>.
- </para>
+ The <application>User</application> utility allows you to view, modify, add, and delete local users in the graphical user interface.</para>
<section id="s2-redhat-config-users-list">
<title>Viewing Users and Groups</title>
- <indexterm>
- <primary>user configuration</primary>
- <secondary>filtering list of users</secondary>
- </indexterm>
- <indexterm>
- <primary>group configuration</primary>
- <secondary>filtering list of groups</secondary>
- </indexterm>
- <para>
- The main window of the <application>User Manager</application> is divided into two tabs: The <guilabel>Users</guilabel> tab provides a list of local users along with additional information about their user ID, primary group, home directory, login shell, and full name. The <guilabel>Groups</guilabel> tab provides a list of local groups with information about their group ID and group members.
- </para>
- <figure id="fig-Users_Groups-User_Manager">
- <title>Viewing users and groups</title>
- <mediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="images/user-manager.png" format="PNG" scalefit="0" />
- </imageobject>
- <textobject>
- <para>
- Viewing users and groups
- </para>
- </textobject>
- </mediaobject>
- </figure>
- <para>
- To find a specific user or group, type the first few letters of the name in the <guilabel>Search filter</guilabel> field and either press <keycap>Enter</keycap>, or click the <guibutton>Apply filter</guibutton> button. You can also sort the items according to any of the available columns by clicking the column header.
- </para>
- <para>
- &MAJOROS; reserves user and group IDs below 1000 for system users and groups. By default, the <application>User Manager</application> does not display the system users. To view all users and groups, select <menuchoice><guimenu>Edit</guimenu><guimenuitem>Preferences</guimenuitem></menuchoice> to open the <guilabel>Preferences</guilabel> dialog box, and clear the <guilabel>Hide system users and groups</guilabel> check box.
- </para>
- </section>
- <section id="s2-redhat-config-users-user-new">
- <title>Adding a New User</title>
- <indexterm>
- <primary>user configuration</primary>
- <secondary>adding users</secondary>
- </indexterm>
- <para>
- To add a new user, click the <guibutton>Add User</guibutton> button. A window as shown in <xref linkend="user-new-fig" /> appears.
- </para>
- <figure id="user-new-fig">
- <title>Adding a new user</title>
- <mediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="images/user-manager-add-user.png" format="PNG" scalefit="0" />
- </imageobject>
- <textobject>
- <para>
- Adding a new user
- </para>
- </textobject>
- </mediaobject>
- </figure>
- <para>
- The <guilabel>Add New User</guilabel> dialog box allows you to provide information about the newly created user. In order to create a user, enter the username and full name in the appropriate fields and then type the user's password in the <guilabel>Password</guilabel> and <guilabel>Confirm Password</guilabel> fields. The password must be at least six characters long.
- </para>
- <note>
- <title>Password security advice</title>
- <para>
- It is advisable to use a much longer password, as this makes it more difficult for an intruder to guess it and access the account without permission. It is also recommended that the password not be based on a dictionary term: use a combination of letters, numbers and special characters.
- </para>
- </note>
- <para>
- The <guilabel>Login Shell</guilabel> pulldown list allows you to select a login shell for the user. If you are not sure which shell to select, accept the default value of <guimenuitem>/bin/bash</guimenuitem>.
- </para>
- <para>
- By default, the <application>User Manager</application> application creates the home directory for a new user in <filename class="directory">/home/<replaceable>username</replaceable>/</filename>. You can choose not to create the home directory by clearing the <guilabel>Create home directory</guilabel> check box, or change this directory by editing the content of the <guilabel>Home Directory</guilabel> text box. Note that when the home directory is created, default configuration files are copied into it from the <filename class="directory">/etc/skel/</filename> directory.
- </para>
- <para>
- &MAJOROS; uses a user private group (UPG) scheme. Whenever you create a new user, a unique group with the same name as the user is created by default. If you do not want to create this group, clear the <guilabel>Create a private group for the user</guilabel> check box.
- </para>
- <para>
- To specify a user ID for the user, select <guilabel>Specify user ID manually</guilabel>. If the option is not selected, the next available user ID above 1000 is assigned to the new user. Because &MAJOROS; reserves user IDs below 1000 for system users, it is not advisable to manually assign user IDs 1–999.
- </para>
- <para>
- Clicking the <guibutton>OK</guibutton> button creates the new user. To configure more advanced user properties, such as password expiration, modify the user's properties after adding the user.
- </para>
- </section>
- <section id="s2-redhat-config-users-group-new">
- <title>Adding a New Group</title>
- <indexterm>
- <primary>group configuration</primary>
- <secondary>adding groups</secondary>
- </indexterm>
- <para>
- To add a new user group, select <guibutton>Add Group</guibutton> from the toolbar. A window similar to <xref linkend="group-new-fig" /> appears. Type the name of the new group. To specify a group ID for the new group, select <guilabel>Specify group ID manually</guilabel> and select the GID. Note that &MAJOROS; also reserves group IDs lower than 1000 for system groups.
- </para>
- <figure id="group-new-fig">
- <title>New Group</title>
- <mediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="images/user-manager-add-group.png" format="PNG" scalefit="0" />
- </imageobject>
- <textobject>
- <para>
- Creating a new group
- </para>
- </textobject>
- </mediaobject>
- </figure>
- <para>
- Click <guibutton>OK</guibutton> to create the group. The new group appears in the group list.
- </para>
- </section>
- <section id="s2-redhat-config-users-user-properties">
- <title>Modifying User Properties</title>
- <indexterm>
- <primary>user configuration</primary>
- <secondary>modifying users</secondary>
- </indexterm>
- <indexterm>
- <primary>user configuration</primary>
- <secondary>modify groups for a user</secondary>
- </indexterm>
- <para>
- To view the properties of an existing user, click on the <guilabel>Users</guilabel> tab, select the user from the user list, and click <guimenuitem>Properties</guimenuitem> from the menu (or choose <menuchoice><guimenu>File</guimenu><guimenuitem>Properties</guimenuitem></menuchoice> from the pulldown menu). A window similar to <xref linkend="user-properties-fig" /> appears.
- </para>
- <figure id="user-properties-fig">
- <title>User Properties</title>
- <mediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="images/user-manager-edit-user.png" format="PNG" scalefit="0" />
- </imageobject>
- <textobject>
- <para>
- Modifying user properties
- </para>
- </textobject>
- </mediaobject>
- </figure>
- <para>
- The <guilabel>User Properties</guilabel> window is divided into multiple tabbed pages:
- </para>
- <indexterm>
- <primary>user configuration</primary>
- <secondary>changing password</secondary>
- </indexterm>
- <indexterm>
- <primary>user configuration</primary>
- <secondary>changing login shell</secondary>
- </indexterm>
- <indexterm>
- <primary>user configuration</primary>
- <secondary>changing full name</secondary>
- </indexterm>
- <indexterm>
- <primary>user configuration</primary>
- <secondary>changing home directory</secondary>
- </indexterm>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <guilabel>User Data</guilabel> — Shows the basic user information configured when you added the user. Use this tab to change the user's full name, password, home directory, or login shell.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <guilabel>Account Info</guilabel> — Select <guilabel>Enable account expiration</guilabel> if you want the account to expire on a certain date. Enter the date in the provided fields. Select <guilabel>Local password is locked</guilabel> to lock the user account and prevent the user from logging into the system.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <guilabel>Password Info</guilabel> — Displays the date that the user's password last changed. To force the user to change passwords after a certain number of days, select <guilabel>Enable password expiration</guilabel> and enter a desired value in the <guilabel>Days before change required:</guilabel> field. The number of days before the user's password expires, the number of days before the user is warned to change passwords, and days before the account becomes inactive can also be changed.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <guilabel>Groups</guilabel> — Allows you to view and configure the Primary Group of the user, as well as other groups that you want the user to be a member of.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- </section>
- <section id="s2-redhat-config-users-group-properties">
- <title>Modifying Group Properties</title>
- <indexterm>
- <primary>group configuration</primary>
- <secondary>modifying group properties</secondary>
- </indexterm>
- <para>
- To view the properties of an existing group, select the group from the group list and click <guimenuitem>Properties</guimenuitem> from the menu (or choose <menuchoice><guimenu>File</guimenu><guimenuitem>Properties</guimenuitem></menuchoice> from the pulldown menu). A window similar to <xref linkend="group-properties-fig" /> appears.
- </para>
- <figure id="group-properties-fig">
- <title>Group Properties</title>
- <mediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="images/user-manager-edit-group.png" format="PNG" scalefit="0" />
- </imageobject>
- <textobject>
- <para>
- Modifying group properties
- </para>
- </textobject>
- </mediaobject>
- </figure>
- <indexterm>
- <primary>group configuration</primary>
- <secondary>modify users in groups</secondary>
- </indexterm>
- <para>
- The <guilabel>Group Users</guilabel> tab displays which users are members of the group. Use this tab to add or remove users from the group. Click <guibutton>OK</guibutton> to save your changes.
- </para>
+
+<!-- changes to remove outdated GUI description and screenshots -->
+<para>Press the <keycap>Super</keycap> key to enter the Activities Overview, type <command>Users</command> and then press <keycap>Enter</keycap>. The <application>Users</application> utility appears. The <keycap>Super</keycap> key appears in a variety of guises, depending on the keyboard and other hardware, but often as either the Windows or Command key, and typically to the left of the Spacebar.</para>
+
+<para>
+ To make changes to the user accounts first select the <guibutton>Unlock</guibutton> button and authenticate yourself as indicated by the dialog box that appears. Note that unless you have superuser privileges, the application will prompt you to authenticate as <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>. To add and remove users select the <guibutton>+</guibutton> and <guibutton>-</guibutton> button respectively. To edit a users language setting, select the language and a drop-down menu appears.
+</para>
+
+
+
</section>
</section>
<section id="s1-users-tools">
@@ -534,7 +188,7 @@
<tertiary><command>groupadd</command></tertiary>
</indexterm>
<para>
- The easiest say to manage users and groups on &MAJOROS; is to use the <application>User Manager</application> application as described in <xref linkend="s1-users-configui" />. However, if you prefer command line tools or do not have the X Window System installed, you can use command line utilities that are listed in <xref linkend="table-users-tools" />.
+ The easiest way to manage users and groups on &MAJOROS; is to use the <application>User Manager</application> application as described in <xref linkend="s1-users-configui" />. However, if you prefer command line tools or do not have the X Window System installed, you can use command line utilities that are listed in <xref linkend="table-users-tools" />.
</para>
<table id="table-users-tools">
<title>Command line utilities for managing users and groups</title>
@@ -763,14 +417,14 @@
<para>
A new line for <systemitem class="username">juan</systemitem> is created in <filename>/etc/passwd</filename>:
</para>
- <programlisting>juan:x:501:501::/home/juan:/bin/bash</programlisting>
+ <programlisting>juan:x:1001:1001::/home/juan:/bin/bash</programlisting>
<para>
The line has the following characteristics:
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
- It begins with the username <systemitem class="username">juan</systemitem>.
+ It begins with the user name <systemitem class="username">juan</systemitem>.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
@@ -790,7 +444,7 @@
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
- The optional <firstterm>GECOS</firstterm> information is left blank.
+ The optional <firstterm>GECOS</firstterm> information is left blank. The GECOS field can be used to provide additional information about the user, such as their full name or phone number.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
@@ -841,9 +495,9 @@
<para>
A new line for a group named <systemitem class="groupname">juan</systemitem> is created in <filename>/etc/group</filename>:
</para>
- <programlisting>juan:x:501:</programlisting>
+ <programlisting>juan:x:1001:</programlisting>
<para>
- A group with the same name as a user is called a <firstterm>user private group</firstterm>. For more information on user private groups, refer to <xref linkend="s2-users-groups-private-groups" />.
+ A group with the same name as a user is called a <firstterm>user private group</firstterm>. For more information on user private groups, see <xref linkend="s2-users-groups-private-groups" />.
</para>
<para>
The line created in <filename>/etc/group</filename> has the following characteristics:
@@ -1266,7 +920,7 @@ autodetach off</programlisting>
<para>
At this point, all members of the <systemitem class="groupname">myproject</systemitem> group can create and edit files in the <filename class="directory">/opt/myproject/</filename> directory without the administrator having to change file permissions every time users write new files. To verify that the permissions have been set correctly, run the following command:
</para>
- <screen>~]# <command>ls -l /opt</command>
+ <screen>~]# <command>ls -l /opt</command>
total 4
drwxrwsr-x. 3 root myproject 4096 Mar 3 18:31 myproject</screen>
</section>
@@ -1282,10 +936,9 @@ drwxrwsr-x. 3 root myproject 4096 Mar 3 18:31 myproject</screen>
<secondary>additional resources</secondary>
</indexterm>
<para>
- See the following resources for more information about managing users and groups.
+ For more information on how to manage users and groups on Fedora, see the resources listed below.
</para>
- <section id="s2-users-groups-documentation">
- <title>Installed Documentation</title>
+ <bridgehead id="sect-Users_and_Groups-Resources-Installed">Installed Documentation</bridgehead>
<indexterm>
<primary>groups</primary>
<secondary>additional resources</secondary>
@@ -1296,91 +949,87 @@ drwxrwsr-x. 3 root myproject 4096 Mar 3 18:31 myproject</screen>
<secondary>additional resources</secondary>
<tertiary>installed documentation</tertiary>
</indexterm>
- <para>
- For information about various utilities for managing users and groups, refer to the following manual pages:
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <emphasis role="bold">chage</emphasis>(1) — A command to modify password aging policies and account expiration.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <emphasis role="bold">gpasswd</emphasis>(1) — A command to administer the <filename>/etc/group</filename> file.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <emphasis role="bold">groupadd</emphasis>(8) — A command to add groups.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <emphasis role="bold">grpck</emphasis>(8) — A command to verify the <filename>/etc/group</filename> file.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <emphasis role="bold">groupdel</emphasis>(8) — A command to remove groups.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <emphasis role="bold">groupmod</emphasis>(8) — A command to modify group membership.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <emphasis role="bold">pwck</emphasis>(8) — A command to verify the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> and <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> files.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <emphasis role="bold">pwconv</emphasis>(8) — A tool to convert standard passwords to shadow passwords.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <emphasis role="bold">pwunconv</emphasis>(8) — A tool to convert shadow passwords to standard passwords.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <emphasis role="bold">useradd</emphasis>(8) — A command to add users.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <emphasis role="bold">userdel</emphasis>(8) — A command to remove users.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <emphasis role="bold">usermod</emphasis>(8) — A command to modify users.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- <para>
- For information about related configuration files, see:
- </para>
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <emphasis role="bold">group</emphasis>(5) — The file containing group information for the system.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <emphasis role="bold">passwd</emphasis>(5) — The file containing user information for the system.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- <emphasis role="bold">shadow</emphasis>(5) — The file containing passwords and account expiration information for the system.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
- </section>
+ <para>
+ For information about various utilities for managing users and groups, see the following manual pages:
+ </para>
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>
+ <systemitem>useradd</systemitem>(8) — The manual page for the <command>useradd</command> command documents how to use it to create new users.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>
+ <systemitem>userdel</systemitem>(8) — The manual page for the <command>userdel</command> command documents how to use it to delete users.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>
+ <systemitem>usermod</systemitem>(8) — The manual page for the <command>usermod</command> command documents how to use it to modify users.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>
+ <systemitem>groupadd</systemitem>(8) — The manual page for the <command>groupadd</command> command documents how to use it to create new groups.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>
+ <systemitem>groupdel</systemitem>(8) — The manual page for the <command>groupdel</command> command documents how to use it to delete groups.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>
+ <systemitem>groupmod</systemitem>(8) — The manual page for the <command>groupmod</command> command documents how to use it to modify group membership.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>
+ <systemitem>gpasswd</systemitem>(1) — The manual page for the <command>gpasswd</command> command documents how to manage the <filename>/etc/group</filename> file.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>
+ <systemitem>grpck</systemitem>(8) — The manual page for the <command>grpck</command> command documents how to use it to verify the integrity of the <filename>/etc/group</filename> file.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>
+ <systemitem>pwck</systemitem>(8) — The manual page for the <command>pwck</command> command documents how to use it to verify the integrity of the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> and <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> files.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>
+ <systemitem>pwconv</systemitem>(8) — The manual page for the <command>pwconv</command> command documents how to use it to convert standard passwords to shadow passwords.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>
+ <systemitem>pwunconv</systemitem>(8) — The manual page for the <command>pwunconv</command> command documents how to use it to convert shadow passwords to standard passwords.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+ <para>
+ For information about related configuration files, see:
+ </para>
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>
+ <systemitem>group</systemitem>(5) — The manual page for the <filename>/etc/group</filename> file documents how to use this file to define system groups.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>
+ <systemitem>passwd</systemitem>(5) — The manual page for the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file documents how to use this file to define user information.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>
+ <systemitem>shadow</systemitem>(5) — The manual page for the <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> file documents how to use this file to set passwords and account expiration information for the system.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+
+
</section>
</chapter>
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